1336例伤残鉴定儿童的致残因素分析

目的 对泰安市连续四年经医学鉴定确诊的1336例伤残儿童进行致残因素分析。结果产前因素506例。占37．87％，(其中遗传性疾病304例，占22．75％；环境因素202例，占15．12％)；产时因素183例，占13．70％；产后因素98例，占7．34％；原因不明者549例，占41．09％，以产前致残因素为首位。遗传性疾病中多基因病220例，占72．37％。(其中先心病占首位)；单基因病46例，占15．13％；染色体病38例，占12．50％。为提高人口素质，必须大力开展优生优育咨询，加强孕期保健，提高产科质量，做好婴幼儿监护，以降低病残儿的发生率。

The Causes of Diagnosed Disability of 1336 Children

Objective An analysis on the causes of 1336 children' disability of whom Taian City's medical institutions have made verifications and definite diagnoses in these four years was carried out. Result 506 cases (i.e., 37.87% of the totalal ones) were caused by antenatal factors (among them 304 cases, 22.75% by hereditary factors and 202 cases, 15.12% by environment ones); 183 cases (13.70%) were caused by childbirth procedure error; 98 cases (7.34%) by postpartum factors; and 549 cases (41.09%) by unknowable reasons. The antenatal factors played a dominant role in these disability causes. Of the 304 cases caused by hereditary factors, 220 (72.37%) were of multi-genes factor (of which cardiovascular deformity is the foremost factor); 46 (15.13%) of single-gene factor; and 38 (12.50%) of chromosomal disease factor. Conclusion In order to improve human quality, we must develop eugenics consultation, strengthen the health care during pregnancy period, raise the quality of children delivering, and do well the infant guardianship, so as to decrease the incidence rate of children disability.