高级别子宫颈上皮内瘤变宫颈锥切及子宫全切除标本病变组织的病理特点

目的 探讨高级别宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN,即CIN Ⅲ、Ⅲ)官颈锥切及子宫全切除术病变组织的形态特征、分布、生长方式及衍化特点等病理特点,为宫颈锥切治疗的深度和范围提供依据.方法 选择高级别CIN宫颈锥切标本及子宫全切除标本共592份,肉眼观察宫颈外口病变的形态特征,镜下观察高级CIN病变在各象限的分布特点.随机抽取其中200份标本,镜下观察其病变的深度、宽度及程度;观察病变细胞的特征、生长方式、衍化特点以及病变周围的间质反应情况.结果 (1)肉眼观察:宫颈光滑46份(7.8%),轻度糜烂151份(25.5%),中度以上糜烂395份(66.7%);合并宫颈肥大48份(8.1%)、宫颈赘生物4份(0.7%).(2)镜下观察:高级CIN病变在宫颈各象限的分布比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).累及腺体深度<3 mm者188份(94.0%),3～5 mm者12份(6.0%),无一例>5 mm;累及腺体的宽度最宽为1.9 mm;累及腺体程度:孤立性累及腺体者77份(38.5%)、多灶性累及腺体者143份(71.5%)、融合性累及腺体者73份(36.5%);生长方式:平铺性生长162份(81.0%),内陷性生长98份(49.O%),外生性生长13份(6.5%);衍化特点:移行变化66份(33.O%),骤然变化167份(83.5%).高级别CIN有多种细胞类型,多数为基底细胞型,小圆细胞型;并有28.5%-45.0%的标本其病变周围有不同类型的免疫间质反应.结论 肉眼观察,高级别CIN病变无具有诊断意义的特征性改变;镜下观察,高级别CIN病变以平铺性生长、多灶性累及腺体以及累及腺体深度<3 mm为主,提示高级别CIN病变行宫颈锥切时既要注意切除的深度,又要注意切除面的范围.

Morphological observation of cone biopsy and hysterectomy specimens of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Objective To study the histopathologieal features,growth pattern and distribution on the uterine cervix of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN).Methods Cone biopsy and hysterectomy specimens of 592 women with hish.grade CIN(CIN Ⅱ or Ⅲ)were reviewed morphologically.Of all cases.the gross appearance of the external os was recorded,and the frequency of eervical quadrants involved in hish-grade CIN was assessed.Two hundred specimens were selected randomly to observe micrographieal changes,including the extent,depth,growth pattern and cell types of hish-grade CIN and the alteration of stroma surrounding CIN.Results Of 592 specimens,external os showed smoothness in 46 cases(7.8%),mild erosion in 151 cases(25.5%),moderate or severe erosion in 395 cases(66.7%),hypertrophy in 48 cases(8.1%),and neoplasm in 4 cases(0.7%).Higll-grade CIN involvement was equally frequent on each quadrant of cervix(P>0.05).Of 200 cases of hish-grade CIN reviewed micrographically,the depth of the deepest involred crypt was le88 than 3 mm in 188 specimens (94.O%).between 3 to 5 nnn in 12 specimens(6.O%),and more than 5 mm in none.High-grade CIN with isolated endocervieal crypt involvement was detected in 77 cases(38.5%),multiple crypt involvement in 143 cases(71.5%).and confluent crypt involvement in 73 cases(36.5%).Hish-grade CIN showed explanate in 81.0%(162/200)of cases,endophytie in 49.0%(98/200)of cages,and exophytic in 6.5%(13/200)of cases.Abrupt transition between CIN and normal epithelia were found in 167 specimens (83.5%),whereas gradual transition in 66 specimens(33.0%).A variety of cell types,but basaloid type predominantly.were observed in hiSh-grade CIN.In 28.5%-45.0%of ca8es,the stroma surroundin CIN displayed oedema,desmoplastic and lymphocytic responses.Conclusions Our data suggest that gross examination is of little importance for diagnoses of CIN.CIN trend to spread horizontally and Mong the endocervical crypts,and are mainly distributed to a depth less than 3 nLrn.These data also suggest that there are a variety of cell types of CIN,and stroma responses to CIN may exist in part of high-grade CIN.