三七三醇皂苷与脑缺血耐受对脑自体神经干细胞增殖的作用

背景：脑缺血耐受可促进大鼠脑梗死后海马区自体神经干细胞的增殖，但传统中药三七通舒对脑自体神经干细胞增殖的影响还未见报道。目的：明确中药三七三醇皂苷、缺血预处理与大鼠脑梗死后7d海马区自体神经干细胞增殖的关系，以及其对大鼠脑梗死后神经行为学评分的影响。方法：50只SD雄性大鼠随机等分为假手术组、缺血组、预缺血对照组、预缺血组和三七三醇皂苷组，后4组采用改良的Zea-Longa法制备急性脑梗死模型，假手术组仅做颈部手术切口，预缺血组采用二次线栓法建立局灶-局灶性脑缺血耐受的动物模型，缺血对照组利用假手术代替预缺血。三七三醇皂苷组大鼠在造模前7 d起，每天给予三七三醇皂苷100 mg/kg腹腔注射。结果与结论：大鼠脑梗死7 d后，缺血组大鼠神经行为学评分和海马区中神经干细胞数量明显增加（P〈0.01），而与缺血组相比，预缺血组和三七三醇皂苷组大鼠神经行为学评分下降（P〈0.01），而海马区中神经干细胞数量增加（P 〈0.01），且两组差异无显著性意义（P 〉0.05），而预缺血对照组大鼠神经行为学评分和海马区中神经干细胞数量与缺血组接近（P〉0.05）。提示传统中药三七三醇皂苷可以发挥类缺血耐受作用，改善大鼠脑梗死后的神经功能缺损症状。

Research about panaxtrial saponins on the relationship between cerebral ischemic tolerance and proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells

BACKGROUND：Cerebral ischemia tolerance can promote proliferation of autologous neural stem cells in the hippocampus of cerebral infarction rats, but panaxtrial saponins effects on the proliferation of autologous neural stem cells in the brain have not been reported. OBJECTIVE：To explore the relationship of panaxtrial saponins, ischemic preconditioning and proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells in the hippocampus of rats at 7 days after cerebral infarction, and to observe the effect on neurobehavioral scores of rats after cerebral infarction. METHODS：Fifty Sprague-Dawley rats were included and randomly divided into five groups：sham group, ischemia group, ischemic control group, ischemic preconditioning group, and panaxtrial saponins group. In the latter four groups, acute models of cerebral infarction were established using Zea-Longa method. In the sham group, only an incision was made on the neck. The focal-focal ischemic tolerance models were established with twice suture method in the ischemic preconditioning and panaxtrial saponins groups. Sham operation was instead of ischemic preconditioning in the ischemic control group. In the panaxtrial saponins group, rats were given intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg panaxtrial saponins at 7 days before modeling. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：After 7 days of cerebral infarction, the neurobehavioral score and the number of neural stem cells in the hippocampus were significantly increased in the ischemia group （P〈0.01）;compared with the ischemia group, the neurobehavioral scores were lowered in the ischemic preconditioning and panaxtrial saponins groups （P〈0.01）, while the number of neural stem cells in the hippocampus was increased （P〈0.01）. However, there was no difference between the ischemic preconditioning and panaxtrial saponins groups （P〉0.05）. In addition, differences in the neurobehavioral scores and the number of neural stem cells in the hippocampus were insignificant between the ischemic control group and ischemia group （