马鞍山市公民健康素养现况研究

目的了解马鞍山市公民健康素养现状。方法在马鞍山市辖区内分层整群随机抽取603人进行问卷调查。结果健康素养总体正确认知率为71.25%;健康知识的正确认知率为71.71%,健康知识正确认知率与文化程度和家庭经济状况有关;健康信念正确率为72.82%,健康信念与年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况和家庭经济状况有关;健康行为正确率为67.63%,健康行为与文化程度和家庭规模有关;健康技能认知的正确率为71.96%,健康技能认知水平与年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况和家庭经济状况有关。结论健康知识正确认知率受文化程度和家庭经济状况影响;健康信念正确率受年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况和家庭经济状况的影响;健康技能正确率受年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况和经济状况的影响;健康行为正确率受文化程度和家庭规模的影响。针对居民在健康素养方面存在的误区应加强宣传。

A cross-sectional survey on the recognition level of the health knowledge and health belief of the Ma'anshan citizens

Objective To explore the Ma＇anshan citizens＇ levels of health literacy. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted and 603 participants were recruited by the cluster-sampling method. Results The total rate of questions about healthy literacy answered correctly was 71.25%. The total rate of questions about healthy knowledge answered correctly was 71.71%, education levels and yearly household income per capita were associated with the levels of health knowledge; the accuracy of health belief was 72.82%, age, education levels, occupation, marriage and yearly household income per capita were associated with health belief. The total rate of questions about healthy behaviours answered correctly was 67.63%, education levels and family population were associated with the recognition levels of health behaviours. The total rate of questions about healthy skills answered correctly was 71.96%. Age, education levels, occupation, marriage and yearly household income per capita were associated with the recognition levels of health skills. Conclusions The levels of health knowledge are influenced by education levels and yearly household income per capita. The accuracy of health belief is influenced by age, education levels, occupation, marriage and yearly household income per capita. The levels of recognition health behaviours are influenced by education levels and family population. The recognition levels of health skills are influenced by age, education levels, occupation, marriage and yearly household income per capita. The Ma＇anshan citizens need more knowledge about health literacy to correct their misconceptions.