肾移植受者手术前、后心理状态分析及护理

目的：了解肾移植手术前后受的心理状态。方法：应用Williom WKZung编制的焦虑自评量表（SAS），抑郁自评量表（SDS）及纽芬兰纪念大学幸福量表（MUNSH）对176例肾移植受于肾移植手术前，后行两次心理状态调查分析。结果：肾移植手术前，后受均存在明显的焦虑，抑郁症，总体幸福度低，但肾移植术后焦虑，抑郁明显低于术前，总体幸福度明显提高，移植肾功能恢复情况及受经济状况对肾移植术后受的心理状态有极显影响，肾移植受性别，年龄及化程度对其心理状态影响无明显差异。结论：肾移植手术前后受存在严重的心理问题，实施有效的围手术期健康教育，帮助病人寻求更多的社会及家庭支持，提高肾移植的成功率，缩短受等待肾移植的时间等可有效地改善肾移植受的心理状态。

A survey of psychological states of patients before and after renal transplantation

Objective To survey the psychological states of patients before and after renal transplantation. Methods Self anxiety scale (SAS), self depression scale (SDS) by William W. K. Zung and MUNSH by New Finland Memorial University were adopted to surveying the psychological states of 176 patients before and after renal transplantation respectively. Results There existed obvious anxiety and depression in the patients before and after surgery of renal transplantation and general happiness values were low. After operation, the anxiety and depression in the patients were significantly lower than before operation, and the general happiness values increased notably. Recovery and economical situations of the patients posed remarkably strong influence on postoperative psychological states. There was no significance as far as sex, age and education were concerned. Conclusion There exist serious psychological problems in patients before and after renal surgery. Peri-operative health education, seeking after more support from society and family, increase of success rate and shortening the time for awaiting the transplantation are effective in improving psychological states of patients.