大鼠视神经切开减压术后超微结构的变化

目的 通过电镜观察大鼠视神经超微结构的变化，评价视神经切开减压（ONID）治疗不完全视神经损伤的疗效。方法 夹持大鼠左眼视神经30s建立不完全损伤模型，分减压组和非减压组，减压组于伤后6h在夹伤处行ONID，电镜观察两组在损伤后1、2．3、6个月时视神经结构的变化。结果 非减压组1个月时髓鞘和轴突变性非常严重，3个月后视神经完全失去正常结构；减压组1个月时髓鞘和轴突变性明显减少，3个月后变性无增多，视神经结构趋于稳定。结论 ONID降低了神经细胞死亡的速度和变性的进程，对视神经继发性损伤有保护作用。

Changes in the ultrastructure of optic nerve after optic nerve incision decompression in rats

Objective Through transmission electron microscopy we observe the ultrastructure of optic nerve to evaluate the curative effect of optic nerve incision decompression (ONID) for incomplete injury to optic nerve. Methods The optic nerve was crushed for 30s to produce incomplete injury to the optic nerve in rats, and then the rats were divided into two groups. ONID was performed 6 hours after the injury in one group, and in the other group decompression was omitted(non-ONLD). Ultrastructure of optic nerve was observed 1 month, 2 months, 3 months and 6 months later in both groups. Results After 1 month denaturalization of myelin sheaths and axons of the injured optic nerve was severe in non- ONID group, and after 3 months the optic nerve entirely lost its normal structure. On the other hand, denaturalization of myelin sheaths and axons was evidently less intense in ONID group, and the changes in structure of optic nerve were stabilized. Conclusions ONID reduced the speed of degeneration of the injured optic nerve and postpones the process of axon denaturalization, thus protects the optic nerve from secondary injuries.