针对流动人口开展流产后计划生育服务的必要性研究

目的了解北京市寻求人工流产的年轻流动妇女避孕、流产相关情况以及流产后获得计划生育服务的现状,探讨对流动人口开展流产后计划生育服务的必要性。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,对1008名25岁以下的人工流产妇女进行横断面调查。对其中624名流动人口的数据进行对比分析。结果流动人口中77.1%为未婚,≤19岁占11.1%,初中以下文化程度占22.9%,工作不稳定占23.2%,月收入≤1000元占46.5%,16.5%的人经历过高危流产;本次流产原因是未避孕及不知道避孕方法的比例分别为64.1%和11.8%,与户籍妇女相比均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。流产后没有接受任何避孕宣教服务的占35.1%,没有接受计划生育咨询服务的占84.1%,5.47%的人表示医生向其提供了避孕药具,10.42%的人表示医生向其建议转诊(获得药具或宣教)。结论与户籍妇女相比,流动人口中人工流产妇女的年龄相对较小,文化程度较低,工作不稳定、收入低,避孕知识欠缺,避孕方法使用率低,高危流产比例高,而现有流产后计划生育服务提供的数量和内容有限,应针对其特点加强流产后计划生育服务。

Necessity of Post Abortion Family Planning Service (PAFPS) for Floating Women after Abortion

Objective: To investigate situations about contraception and induced abortion,and post abortion family planning service (PAFPS) among the floating young women who are seeking induced abortion in Beijing, and to explore the necessity on PAFPS for the floating abortion women. Methods: A cross-sectional study under the adoption of self-administrated closed questionnaires was conducted among 1,008 women at the age of less 25 in Beijing. Results:77.1% of the floating aborted women were unmarried. 11.1% women were less than 20 years old. 22.9% just graduated from secondary school or below. 23.2% had unsteady work. 46.5% had less than 1,000 RMB salary every month. 16.5% underwent high risk abortion. Proportions of the women who did not use any contraceptives and did not know any contraceptives were 64.1% and 11.8%, and significantly different from the resident aborted women (P<0.05) . 35.1% of the floating aborted women had never received any IEC (information education and communication) about conception; 84.1% did not receive counseling service. 5.47% of the women asked the doctor to provide contraceptives for them after the abortion. 10.42% of them got referral service such as being recommended to other places to get contraceptives or IEC. Conclusion: The floating women are in the lower age, lower cultural degree, more unstable job, poorer salary, poorer knowledge about attitude and practice (KAP) on contraception, and higher rate of high risk abortion. In addition, the family planning services that the floating aborted women received are limited. So it is necessary to provide PAFPS to floating women.