Antihypertensive effect of rhizome part of Acorus calamus on renal artery occlusion induced hypertension in rats |
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| Authors: | Pinal Patel Jitendra Vaghasiya Ashokji Thakor Jitesh Jariwala |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA;2. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA;1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, 35516, Egypt;2. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;3. Pharmacology and toxicology, Faculty of pharmacy, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia;4. Department of Anatomy, Mansoura University, Egypt;5. Department of Medicine, Almaarefa Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;1. Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, 15 Kansas Street, Building 42, Natick, MA 01760, USA;2. Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 2420 2nd Ave North, Grand Forks 58203, USA;3. Paso del Norte Institute for Healthy Living, 500 W. University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveThe rhizomes part of Acorus calamus (AC) having the calcium inhibitory effect and diuretic activity which may potentiate Na+ excretion in hypertension induced by occlusion of renal artery. Therefore this study was aimed to investigate the effect of AC on experimentally induced hypertension.MethodsHypertension in rats was induced by clamping the left renal artery for 4h by arterial clamp (2K1C). At the end of experiment animal were anesthetized with ketamine (50 mg/kg). Carotid artery was cannulated which was connected to pressure transducer for estimation of blood pressure.ResultsEthyl acetate extract of Acorus calamus rhizomes (EAAC) treated rats that underwent hypertension, demonstrated significant (P < 0.01) lower systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure when compared with 2K1C rats indicated blood pressure lowering activity. Plasma renin activity was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in EAAC treated rats compared to 2K1C rats. EAAC treated rats that underwent hypertension demonstrated significant (P < 0.01) lower mean blood urea nitrogen and creatinine when compared with 2K1C rats. Lipid peroxidation was significantly (P < 0.001) decreased, where as nitric oxide level in tissue was significantly elevated in EAAC treated rats. Antioxidant enzymes like glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001) increased in EAAC treated rats when compared to 2K1C rats.ConclusionsIn conclusions, EAAC treatment attenuated renal artery occlusion induced hypertension via nitric oxide generation and decreases the plasma renin activity. |
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