美沙酮维持治疗海洛因依赖患者的生命质量及影响因素

目的：分析美沙酮维持治疗（MMT）海洛因依赖患者的生命质量（QOL）及其影响因素。方法：603例MMT门诊海洛因依赖患者完成Zung氏抑郁自评量表、Zung氏焦虑自评量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数和中文版世界卫生组织生命质量量表简表（WHOQOL—BREF），63例健康对照完成WHOQOL—BREF；用多元线性回归分析筛选海洛因依赖患者WHOQOL—BREF四领域QOL评分的影响因素。结果：海洛因依赖患者WHOQOL—BREF各领域的QOL评分显著低于健康对照组（P〈0．001）；WHOQOL—BREF1个或多个领域的QOL评分偏低的危险因素包括男性、年龄大、初中以下文化程度、非在婚、目前无工作、静脉注射吸毒、抑郁、焦虑和低睡眠质量（P≤0．05）。结论：MMT门诊海洛因依赖患者生命质量较差，其生命质量恶化与多种临床、社会和心理因素有关。

QUALITY OF LIFE AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF HEROIN DEPENDENT PATIENTS RECEIVING METHADONE -MAINTAINANCE TREATMENT

Objective： To analyze the quality of life （QOL） and its associated factors among methadone- maintained heroin dependent patients. Methods：Six hundred and three heroin addicts, who were receiving outpatient methadone maintenance treatment （MMT）, were administered with Zung＇s Self- rating Scale for Depression, Zung＇ s Self- rating Scale for Anxiety, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and a Chinese edition of the World Health Organization＇ s QOL Questionnaire - Brief Version （ WHOQOL - BREF）. Sixty - three healthy controls completed WHOQOL - BREF. Multiple linear regression was used to identify factors associated with scores of four domains in WHOQOL - BREF. Results： Heroin addicts had lower scores than controls on all domains of WHOQOL - BREF （P 〈 0. 001 ）. Factors significantly associated with lower scores on one or more domains of WHOQOL - BREF included male gender, older age, an educational attainment of literacy and primary school, non -marital status, injection drug use,depression, anxiety, and poor sleep quality（P〈0. 05）. Conclusion：Heroin addicts under MMT have QOL, and their worsen QOL is associated with several clinical, social and psychological factors.