云南省美沙酮门诊就诊者ATS类药物滥用现况及其影响因素

目的：了解云南省美沙酮维持治疗门诊就诊者ATS类药物滥用现况及其影响因素。方法：采用流行病学现况调查，对省内28个美沙酮门诊的5366名患者进行甲基苯丙胺尿检，将阳性结果者768人纳入病例组（MMT合并使用ATS者），采用随机抽样的方法在尿检阴性的病人中抽取对照组（MMT未合并使用ATS者）。病例组通过完成《云南省ATS类药物情况调查问卷》以了解滥用现况。同时收集病例组和对照组的一般人口学特征进行统计分析，了解其差异。结果：云南省美沙酮维持治疗门诊病人合并使用甲基苯丙胺类药物的比例为14．31％。病例组中18-34a的比例为34．5％，对照组中18—34a的比例为27．4％（P〈0．05）；病例组中小学及以下文化程度者占36．2％，对照组中小学及以下文化程度者占22．2％（P〈0．05）；病例组中傣族24．7％，对照组中傣族12．1％（P〈0．05）；病例组中农民占31．4％，对照组中农民占20．3％（P〈0．05）。结论：云南省美沙酮维持治疗门诊中滥用甲基苯丙胺类物质的情况普遍，边境门诊滥用情况严重。合并使用ATS类药物者以18—34a（青壮年）居多，文化程度偏低，以傣族和农民为主。因此应有针对性的对美沙酮维持治疗病人实施干预措施，尤其是边境地区门诊，以减少滥用冰毒行为的发生。

AMPHETAMINE -TYPE STIMULANTS ABUSE AND ITS INFLUENCING FACTORS AMONG YUNNAN METHADONE MAINTENANCE TREATMENT CLINIC ATTENDEES

Objective： To understand ATS drug abuse status and influential factors among methadone maintenance treatment clinic patients in Yunnan province. Methods：To use epidemiological survey and case - control study design, 5366 patients in 28 methadone clinics received methamphetamine urine test. The 768 people with positive results were included in the case group, and the method of random sample group was adopted in the contract group. The abusers of AST drugs complete the ＂Questionnaire of Yunnan Province ATS Class of Drugs＂. Results：The proportion of ATS abuse among MMT clinies patients in Yunnan province is 14.31%. In the case group, 34.5 percent were aged between 18 to 34; 27.4 percent were aged 18 to 34 in control group （P 〈0. 05）. 36. 2 percent were in primary school and below the level in the case group ; 22. 2 percent in the control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. 24.7 percent were in Dai nationality in the case group; 12. 1 percent were in the control group （P 〈 0. 05 ）. 3 1. 4 percent were farmers in the case group ; 20.3 percent in the control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion： The phenomenon of methamphetamine abuse in drug users of methadone maintenancetreatment clinics in Yunnan province is common, and that in the border out -patient methadone maintenance treatment clinics are serious. It is urgent to implement the intervention measures in methadone maintenance treatment clinics, to reduce the spread of methamphetamine abuse behavior.