两种局部用氟对预防正畸牙脱矿的临床研究

目的了解固定矫治器治疗后牙齿牙釉质脱矿的发生率及严重程度，评价用75％氟化钠处理牙面和使用含氟牙膏对减轻牙釉质脱矿的作用。方法选择固定矫治器治疗的患者93例随机分为3组，氟化钠糊剂组34例，含氟牙膏组28例，对照组31例，治疗前后对牙面脱矿情况进行临床观察。结果矫治前3组患者牙齿牙釉质脱矿发生率和脱矿程度差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。矫治后氟化钠糊剂组牙釉质脱矿率为8．9％，含氟牙膏组为9．0％，对照组为15．6％，两种氟处理组其脱矿率明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。两种氟处理组发生1度脱矿的牙数高于对照组（P〈0．05），发生3度脱矿的牙数低于对照组（P〈0．05），3组发生2度脱矿的牙数差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。氟化钠组和含氟牙膏组EDI小于对照组（P〈0．001），而两种氟处理组间的脱矿率和EDI差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论正畸治疗中配合使用氟化物处理牙面，可预防牙釉质脱矿的发生。

A Clinical Study on the Effect of Fluoride by Two Application Methods to Prevent Enamel Decalcification in Orthodontic Treatment with Fixed Appliance

Objective To find a simple and effective way to prevent enamel decalcification by guiding patients treated with fixed appliance to fluor protector NaF and brush teeth with fluoride toothpaste. Methods 93 patients treated with fixed appliance were randomly selected and divided into three groups, the NaF group, the fluoride group brushing teeth with fluoride toothpaste, the control group with common toothpaste. The incidence and severity of enamel decalcification in orthodontic treatment either in three groups or in the number of the teeth of three groups were evaluated before and after treatment. The enamel decalcification index (EDI) was calculated. Results There was no significant difference either among three groups or the number of the patient's teeth of three groups before treament (P>0.05). The incidence of patients of the NaF group and fluoride toothpaste group were lower than that of the control group after treament (P<0.001), the incidence of teeth of two fluoride groups were lower significantly than that of the control group after treatment (P<0.001). The number of teeth whose lesion was 1 score of two fluoride groups were higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); the number of teeth which lesions was 3 score of two fluoride groups were lower than that of the control group (P<0.05); there was no significant difference among three groups of the teeth which lesions was 2 score (P>0.05); the EDI of two fluoride groups was lower than that of the control group (P<0.001). However, the incidence of teeth and EDI are not statistically significant between two fluoride groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Fluoride toothpaste can effectively prevent enamel decalcification in fixed-orthodontic treatment.