颞下颌关节盘的解剖形态及三维重建研究

目的　探讨颞下颌关节盘的形态特点及其临床意义。方法　观察 3 2例颞下颌关节盘的大体形态 ,测量前、中、后带关节盘内、中、外 1 3的厚度 ,对关节盘及骨性关节面结构进行三维重建。结果　关节盘形态表现横椭圆形 ,上、下形态不一致性。关节盘周围厚 ,中间薄 ;后带最厚 ,其中部最厚 ,中带最薄 ,中、外部最薄。有 1个关节盘穿孔。重建显示关节盘形如帽状 ,适应骨性关节面的形态。结论　关节盘的形态与其所承受的压力有关。三维重建有助于全面认识颞下颌关节盘形态及功能 ,为临床及实验研究提供解剖学资料

Anatomical morphology and 3-D reconstruction of the temporomandibular articular disc

Objective To explore the morphological variations of human temporomandibular articular joint discs (TMJs) and the clinical significance. Methods The morphology of 32 cases of temporomandibular articular discs was observed. The thickness of one third of the anterior, intermediate, and posterior bands of the disc was measured with a vernier. Three dimensional reconstruction of the articular discs and articular surfaces was performed. Results The basic shape of the TMJs showed the horizontal ellipse, and the upper and lower faces were different. Disc perforation was found in 1 out of 32 discs. Among the three discs, the posterior disc was the thickest, the intermediate disc the thinnest. In addition, the middle lateral disc was the thinnest in the all parts. Three dimensional reconstruction showed the discs of the TMJs were cap shaped and adapted to the articular fossa and processus condylaris. Conclusion The morphological variation of the TMJ disc is correlated to the pressure resulted from the movement of mandibular joints. Three dimensional reconstruction helps to understand the morphology and function of the human temporomandibular articular disc.