中国五岁以下儿童非致死性伤害发生率及影响因素研究

目的 了解中国5岁以下儿童非致死性伤害的发生率及相关影响因素.方法 数据来自于第四次国家卫生服务调查,其中5岁以下儿童10 819名,为本次研究对象.伤害相关内容:是否发生伤害以及发生次数、原因、地点、严重程度.采用两水平Poisson回归分析社会经济学变量与非致死性伤害发生次数的关联性.结果 最近12个月内5岁以下儿童非致死性伤害发生率为16.0%o.＜1岁组儿童非致死性伤害前3位原因是:跌倒、动物咬伤、烧伤/烫伤,发生率分别为3.9%o、1.8%o和1.8%o;1～4岁组儿童是:动物咬伤、跌倒、烧伤/烫伤,发生率分别为6.5‰、6.0‰和2.9‰.两年龄组儿童分别有83.0%和69.0%的最近一次伤害发生在家里.＜1岁组无残疾发生,1～4岁组伤害致残疾率为1.0%.控制其他变量后,1～4岁组中男童非致死性伤害风险是女童的1.57倍(P＜0.05);民族、家庭人均收入和地区等变量差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);＜1岁组在全部社会经济学变量上的统计检验结果均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 中国5岁以下儿童最近12个月非致死性伤害发生率为16.0%o;动物咬伤、跌倒、烧伤/烫伤是非致死性伤害的前三位原因;家庭内是非致死性伤害最常见地点;1～4岁男童非致死性伤害发生率明显高于女童.

Abstract：

Objective To determine the incidence of non-fatal injuries and related influencing factors among children under 5 years old in China. Methods Data involving 10 819 children under 5 years old was from the Fourth National Health Service Survey of China. Injury-related indicators include: history of ever having had an injury, its frequency, cause, location and severity of the injury.A two-level Poissun regression was used to examine the significance of related socio-economic variables. Results The overall incidence rate of nonfatal injuries among children under 5 years old was 16.0 per 1000 population in the prior 12 months. The first three leading causes of non-fatal injuries were falls,animal bite, fire/bum among children under 1 year old,with the rates as 3.9, 1.8 and 1.8 per 1000 population, respectively. For children aged I to 4 years old, the first three leading causes were animal bite, fall, fire/burn with rates as 6.5,6.0 and 2.9 per 1000 population, respectively. 83.0% and 69.0% of last injuries occurred at home for the above said two age groups. No disability was found among children younger than 1 year old who suffered from a nonfatal injury while for the 1-4 age group, the disability accounted for 1.0% of injury-induced outcomes. After adjusting other variables,boys had 1.57 times the risk of injury compared with girls in the 1-4 age group (P＜0.05). The differences on the effects regarding ethmicity,per capita household income, and place were insignificant (P＞0.05). None of the socio-economic variables was found that significantly related to the non-fatal injury risk among children under 1 year old (P＞0.05). Conclusion The incidence of nonfatal injuries among children under 5 years old was 16.0 per 1000 population in the prior 12 months. The three leading causes of injuries were animal bite, falls, fire/bum respectively. Home was the most common place that non-fatal injuries occurred. Boys had a higher risk of injury compared with girls among children aged 1 to 4 years old and the difference was significant.

An epidemiological survey on the incidence of non-fatal injury and influencing factors among children under 5 years old in China

Objective To determine the incidence of non-fatal injuries and related influencing factors among children under 5 years old in China. Methods Data involving 10 819 children under 5 years old was from the Fourth National Health Service Survey of China. Injury-related indicators include: history of ever having had an injury, its frequency, cause, location and severity of the injury.A two-level Poissun regression was used to examine the significance of related socio-economic variables. Results The overall incidence rate of nonfatal injuries among children under 5 years old was 16.0 per 1000 population in the prior 12 months. The first three leading causes of non-fatal injuries were falls,animal bite, fire/bum among children under 1 year old,with the rates as 3.9, 1.8 and 1.8 per 1000 population, respectively. For children aged I to 4 years old, the first three leading causes were animal bite, fall, fire/burn with rates as 6.5,6.0 and 2.9 per 1000 population, respectively. 83.0% and 69.0% of last injuries occurred at home for the above said two age groups. No disability was found among children younger than 1 year old who suffered from a nonfatal injury while for the 1-4 age group, the disability accounted for 1.0% of injury-induced outcomes. After adjusting other variables,boys had 1.57 times the risk of injury compared with girls in the 1-4 age group (P＜0.05). The differences on the effects regarding ethmicity,per capita household income, and place were insignificant (P＞0.05). None of the socio-economic variables was found that significantly related to the non-fatal injury risk among children under 1 year old (P＞0.05). Conclusion The incidence of nonfatal injuries among children under 5 years old was 16.0 per 1000 population in the prior 12 months. The three leading causes of injuries were animal bite, falls, fire/bum respectively. Home was the most common place that non-fatal injuries occurred. Boys had a higher risk of injury compared with girls among children aged 1 to 4 years old and the difference was significant.