连续血液净化治疗儿童脓毒性休克

目的观察连续血液净化(CBP)对儿童脓毒性休克的疗效并探讨其机理。方法用CBP的连续性静-静脉血液滤过模式治疗了9例脓毒性休克患儿,检测CBP治疗前及治疗中各时相点血气、生化、中分子物质浓度等指标及毛细血管再充盈时间(CRT)、血管活性药物用量、血压、尿量等临床症状、体征变化。结果9例脓毒性休克患儿体重3．1～14kg(平均8．3 kg±3．5kg),治疗时合并急性肾功能衰竭6例、急性呼吸窘迫综合征3例、细菌血培养阳性5例,全部需升压药维持血压。CBP治疗前pH7．14±0．23,BE(-11．3±4．25)mmol/L,MMS(3532±519)U/L,PO_2/FiO_2 188±33,CRT≥5s,尿量(0．85±0．52)ml/(kg·hr),肾上腺素用量(1．36±0．48)μg/(kg·min),多巴胺用量16．35±3．27μg/(kg·min)。CBP治疗24h后pH 7．38±0．16,BE(-0．28±1．37)mmol/L,MMS (2576±375)U/L,PO2/FiO_2 285±63,肾上腺素用量(0．08±0．04)μg/(kg·min),多巴胺用量(8．53±6．72)μg/(kg·min),CRT＜2s,治疗结束时尿量(2．9±1．6)ml/(kg·hr)。与CBP治疗前比均(P＜0．05)或(P＜0．01)差异有统计学意义。经过3～12d的治疗,2例死于MODS(肠套叠并肠坏死1例、大面积烫伤1例),1例肠扭转术后肠漏放弃治疗,6例治愈出院。结论CBP联合其他综合治疗可明显提高脓毒性休克患儿的氧合能力、纠正酸中毒、稳定血压、改善组织器官灌注、清除中分子物质,值得进一步研究和应用。

Continuous blood purification in the treatment of pediatric septic shock

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of continuous blood purification (CBP) and to explore its mechanism in the treatment of pediatric septic shock. METHODS: Nine children weighted 3.1 kg - 14.0 kg with septic shock were treated with continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) which is also referred to as CBP with blood access of double-lumen hemodialysis catheter of 6.5 to 8Fr inserted via central vein, hemofilters of Minifilter plus (for children with body weight < 5 kg) or AV400s (for children with body weight > or = 5 kg), child's type extracorporeal circuit vessel and heparin anticoagulation. The replacement solution was delivered pre-dilution after 3 to 4 hours' post-dilution. The blood gas, clinical biochemical items, medium molecule substance (MMS) concentration in blood as well as capillary refill time (CRT), BP, urine output, vasopressors dosage were examined at a set of time points from the beginning to the end of the CVVH. RESULTS: Of the 9 children, 6 had acute renal failure (ARF), 3 had acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), 5 were blood culture positive and all the 9 needed vasopressors to keep BP before CVVH. The blood pH was 7.14 +/- 0.23, base excess (BE) was -11.3 +/- 4.25 mmol/L, MMS was 3532 +/- 519 U/L, PO2/FiO2 was 188 +/- 33, CRT > 5 s, urine output was 0.85 +/- 0.52 ml/(kg.hr) and the adrenalin dosage 1.36 +/- 0.48 microg/(kg.min), and dopamine 16.35 +/- 3.27 microg/(kg.min) before CVVH. The patients' condition was improved much as demonstrated by pH 7.38 +/- 0.16, BE -0.28 +/- 1.37 mmol/L, MMS 2576 +/- 375 U/L, PO2/FiO2 285 +/- 63, CRT < 2 s, and the adrenalin dosage 0.08 +/- 0.04 microg/(kg.min) and dopamine 8.53 +/- 6.72 microg/(kg.min), urine output 2.9 +/- 1.6 ml/(kg.hr) after 24 hour treatment with CVVH. Of the 9 children, 2 died of MODS (1 intussusception complicated with intestine necrosis, 1 severe scald) and 1 was given up because of severe intestinal fistula, the other 6 children recovered at the end. CONCLUSION: CBP was effective in treatment of pediatric septic shock by improving the oxygenation, correcting metabolic acidosis, stabilizing BP, increasing the tissue perfusion and eliminating the medium molecule substances.