水下爆炸引致舰员冲击损伤的生物力学研究方法进展

水下爆炸瞬间产生强大的冲击加速度,不仅导致舰船结构及设备的破坏,而且对舰员造成严重损伤.本文在阐述舰员冲击损伤生物力学研究方法的基础上,经过比较分析提出人体志愿者、动物、假人、尸体试验和数学模型研究方法之间的适用条件和局限性,并由此提出了我国舰员抗冲击技术研究中存在的问题,从损伤机制、耐受限值、损伤标准、试验技术、防护措施等方面指出了研究重点和发展趋势.

Biomechanics research methods of the ship shock injury from underwater explosion

Underwater explosion can produce enormous shock acceleration, which not only damages the ship structure and instruments, but also results in severe human injuries. In this paper, first, the shock injury biomechanics research methods are overviewed. Then, the merits and limitations are obtained by comparing the shock test methods among the human volunteers, animals, dummies, cadavers and human mathematical models. Finally, the authors point out the focus and development trends from the program of injury mechanism, tolerance, criterion, test techniques and safeguard procedures.