抑郁症共病因素及其人格特征的相关与回归分析

目的:探讨有无焦虑症状的抑郁症患者的应付方式与人格的关系.方法:对88例抑郁症患者及与之匹配的90例正常对照组进行抑郁自评量表(SDS), 焦虑自评量表(SAS), 艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和应付方式问卷评定.结果:与正常对照组相比,抑郁症患者SDS, SAS, EPQ的N, P两个维度的得分高于正常对照组,而EPQ的E维度、积极应付方式得分低于对照组. 有焦虑症状抑郁症患者组相对于无焦虑症状抑郁症患者组,SDS, SAS, EPQ的N, P两个维度的得分明显较高,积极应付方式得分明显较低. 相关、回归分析表明SAS, EPQ的E维度及积极应付方式与抑郁症状严重程度的关系更为密切,这三者可解释抑郁症状严重程度变异的52.0%.结论:抑郁症患者发病期的抑郁症状、焦虑症状、神经质、精神质比对照组明显,这些特征在伴有焦虑症状的抑郁症患者中表现更为明显. 有焦虑症状的抑郁症患者比无焦虑症状的患者人格特征更偏内向,更少采用积极的应付方式. 较少采用积极应付方式可能是抑郁症状患者人格特征之一,纳入人格特质的E维度之中.

Correlation and regression analysis of common factors of depression and personality

AIM: To explore the relation between the coping style and personality of depression patients with or without anxiety. METHODS: Eighty-eight patients and ninety controls were tested with Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Coping Styles Questionnaire. RESULTS: The patients were found having higher scores in Neuroticism and Psychoticism, and lower scores in Extroversion and positive coping styles than normal controls. The patients with anxiety scored higher in Neuroticism and Psychoticism but lower in positive coping styles than the patients without anxiety. Correlation and logistic analysis showed that there was a close relation between the severity of depression, E of EPQ, SAS and the positive coping style, and they accounted for 52.2% of the variance of depression. CONCLUSION: The symptoms of depression, anxiety, Neuroticism and Psychoticism of depression patients are more obvious than those of the controls, and they are more obvious in the patients with anxiety than the patients without anxiety. The patients with anxiety are more introversive and seldom adopt positive coping styles, compared with the patients without anxiety. Seldom adopting positive coping style may be one of the traits of depression patients, which can be included in E of EPQ.