去细胞猪主动脉瓣移植于犬腹主动脉内构建组织工程瓣

目的 探讨在犬腹主动脉内构建组织工程心脏瓣膜的实验方法。方法 将预种犬血管间质细胞和内皮细胞的去细胞猪主动脉瓣叶(猪瓣),移植于6条犬的腹主动脉内,于术后4,6,8和10周对移植瓣叶进行形态、组织结构及免疫组化染色观察。结果 (1)移植术后4周时瓣叶周边有多层细胞长入,新细胞外基质形成,原支架组织部分吸收。(2)10周末猪瓣组织完全吸收,为宿主细胞及新合成的细胞外基质取代。基质中间质细胞主要为成纤维细胞和肌纤维母细胞。细胞外基质成分主要为Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原和少量弹力纤维,并含有中性和酸性黏多糖。(3)内皮细胞覆盖于瓣叶表面。结论 (1)移植于犬腹主动脉内的去细胞猪瓣于移植术后10周末基本构成组织工程瓣叶;(2)腹主动脉内异位移植是一种可供选择的实验研究方法。

Construction of a tissue-engineered valve with decellular porcine aortic valve scaffold in the abdominal aorta of canine

OBJECTIVE: To explore an experimental method for construction of tissue-engineered heart valve (TEHV) in canine abdominal aorta. METHODS: The decellular porcine aortic valve (PAV) leaflets seeded with canine vessel interstitial cells and endothelial cells (ECs) were implanted into 6 canine abdominal aortas. Valve specimens were obtained respectively at the end of 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks after implantation were studied for morphology, histology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: (1) After 4 weeks implantation, multiple layers of cells grew into peripheral portion of valve scaffold, while new extracellular matrix appeared, and original scaffold tissue was partially absorbed. (2) At the end of 10th week after implantation, the decellular PAV scaffold disappeared completely and was substituted by recipient cells and new extracellular matrix. The interstitial cells in matrix was mainly consisted of fibroblasts and myofibroblast. The matrix was mainly composed by type I, III collagen, some elastic fibers with neutral and acid mucopolysaccharide. (3) Surface of valve leaflets were covered with endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: (1) TEHV is primarily constructed with recellularized PAV after implantation into canine abdominal aorta for 10 weeks. (2) Heterotopic implantation into the abdominal aorta is an alternative experimental procedure to study the TEHV.