学校预防艾滋病教育对中学生知识态度和技能的影响

目的 通过学校预防AIDS教育，促进学生预防AIDS知识、态度和技能，为在我国中学开展预防AIDS教育提供重要的实践经验。方法 对学校健康教育教师进行了为期两天的培训。为评价教育前后学生预防AIDS知识、态度和技能的变化，对约8000名参与此项研究的初一、高一学生进行了教育前和教育后的问卷调查。结果 教育后学生预防AIDS基本知识平均得分由教育前的7．3提高到11．2(满分为15分)；知道如何避免感染AIDS的比例由教育前的47．9％上升到83．8％；与家长及朋友谈论HIV／AIDS的比例分别由教育前的31．1％、39．6％上升到44．2％和59．2％；表示愿意与HIV感染者／AIDS病人同班上课的比例由教育前的7．4％上升到26．1％；反对男青年及女青年婚前性行为的比例分别由教育前的45．3％、50．6％上升到54．9％和61．2％。结论学校预防AIDS健康教育对增加学生预防艾滋病知识、培养正确的性道德观念、不歧视HIV感染者以及促进学生谈论和宣传预防HIV／AIDS知识等方面均产生了积极的影响。

The impact of school AIDS prevention education on knowledge,attitudes and skills of secondary school students

Objectives The aim of this project was to promote knowledge,positive attitudes and skills of students on HIV/AIDS prevention.The research results will provide important practical experience for school based AIDS prevention education in China. Methods About 8 thousand studrnts in grade 7 and grade 10 from 17 secondary schools in Beijing and Shenyang of China participated in this project.School health education teachers were trained for two days.The education time was about 2 to 4 hours.Pre test and post test surveys were conducted.Results The score (full 15) of HIV/AIDS knowledge of students increased significantly from 7.3 in pre test to 11.2 in post test(P<0.01).Comparing with pre test,more students answered that they knew how to prevent HIV/AIDS (83.8% vs 47.9%),more students had talked HIV/AIDS with their parents (44.2% vs 31.1 %) and friends (59.2% vs 39.6 %),more students answered that they would not be uncomfortable to share a class with people who infected with HIV/AIDS (26.1% vs 7.4%).The percentage of studrnts who were opposed to male and female youth premarital sexual behavior increased from 45.3% and 50.6% at pre test to 54.9% and 61.2% at post test (P< 0.01 ) respectively.Conclusions Compared to youth in some nations, young people in China have a fairly low level of knowledge,attitudes and skills necessary for HIV/AIDS prevention. This school based AIDS education program significantly improved students' knowledge,attitudes and skills,at least in the short term.