固定矫治患者菌斑指数、牙龈指数、龈沟出血指数的临床分析

目的:观察正畸患者在固定矫治治疗中的菌斑指数(PLI)、牙龈指数(GI)和龈沟出血指数(SBI)的分布及变化。方法:实验组为331例采用固定矫治器治疗半年以上的正畸患者,其中男101例,女230例,年龄12～15岁,均居住城市,无开口呼吸的不良习惯。另以12～15岁初中生375例作为对照组,其中男196例,女179例,无正畸治疗史;检查4个上切牙和4个下切牙的PLI、GI和SBI值,采用SPSS10.0统计软件包对相关组间数据进行t检验。结果:正畸患者的PLI、GI和SBI值均显著高于对照组(P<0.01),对照组中男性的PLI值显著高于女性(P<0.01);在正畸患者中,PLI值无性别间差异(P>0.05),但男性的GI和SBI值显著高于女性(P<0.01),男性下切牙的PLI、GI值显著高于上切牙(P<0.01),女性上、下切牙的PLI、GI和SBI值均无差异(P>0.05),说明戴固定矫治器使口腔卫生难以实施,在矫治期间男性的口腔卫生情况较女性差,而下切牙的卫生情况较上切牙差。结论:为维护牙周健康,对接受固定矫治的患者进行口腔卫生宣教十分重要,特别需注意对下切牙菌斑的控制。

Clinical analysis of PLI, GI and SBI in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances

PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to carry out a detailed analysis of the data on PLI, GI, SBI in fixed orthodontic patients. METHODS: 375 middle school students aged 12 to 15 years old were selected as control group, including 196 boys and 179 girls. 331 patients with fixed orthodontic appliances aged 12 -15 years from city were used as experimental group, including 101 boys and 230 girls without mouth-breathing. Gingival index (GI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), and plaque index (PLI) were recorded for each individual patient six months after being with orthodontic appliances. Four upper and four lower incisors were assessed, the data of the two groups were analyzed with SPSS 10.0 software package for Student's t test. RESULTS: It was found that there were significant higher PLI, GI and SBI values in orthodontic treated patients (P<0.01). Although there was no significantly difference in PLI value between boys and girls (P>0.05) in the experimental group, there were statistically significant higher GI and SBI values compared boys with girls (P<0.01). There were significantly higher PLI and GI values in boys' lower incisor(P<0.01). Oral health care was difficult in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Boys' oral hygiene was poorer than girls'. CONCLUSION: In order to maintain periodontal health, it is very important to strengthen oral hygiene to children who receive fixed appliance, especially in boys, as well as control the level of plaque accumulation in the lower incisors.