不同年代农村居民饮酒行为的纵向研究

目的:探讨安徽省农村居民不同年代的饮酒状况,为进一步因地制宜地采取限酒戒酒促进行动提供参考依据。方法:纵向研究。分别于不同年代在同一地区对21649名及5627名的15岁及以上农村居民进行了饮酒现状调查,同时收集相关社会经济特征信息。结果:与1993年相比,2001年安徽农村居民①现在饮酒率和酗酒率均增高,增长速度酗酒率高于现在饮酒率。②15~64岁各组现在饮酒率、酗酒率均上升(P≤0.01),随年龄增长而升高的态势基本没有改变,但饮酒、酗酒高峰年龄提前。③男性明显高于女性的态势没有改变,男女两性的现在饮酒率、酗酒率均有上升(P≤0.01),上升速度女性快于男性。④各受教育层次的农村居民现在饮酒率均升高(p<0.01),尤以高中及以上组饮酒率升高明显;小学组饮酒状况依然最严重。5不同婚姻状况的农村居民现在饮酒率均有所升高;分居、离婚或丧偶者饮酒率仍然最高。6开始饮酒年龄明显提前。此外,横向分析显示:性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、吸烟及经济状况是饮酒的重要影响因素。结论:安徽农村居民总体上饮酒率不高,但饮酒行为发展趋势不容乐观。在当前全面提升农村居民的文化素质,提高其对饮酒疾病的认识水平,同时强化针对中小学生的健康教育工作对于有效促进农村限酒行动显得尤为重要。

Longitudinal study of rural dwellers' alcohol consuming behavior

Objective To provide effective clues for alcohol controlling.Methods Investigation was made on alcohol consuming behavior to local residents aged above 15 in the same area in 1993 and 2001,respectively.21 649 individual's data were collected in 1993 while 5627 in 2001.Results Compared with 1993,data collected in 2001 showed that: First,both of the current alcohol drinking rate and alcohol abusing rate were increasing,especially for the latter.Second,this trend had no change through the period,that is,current alcohol drinking and abusing rates increase along with age,but the peak age of alcohol drinking and abusing rate became younger.Third,current alcohol drinking and abusing rates were still higher among male group than that of female group.However,both of the two rates increased faster among female group than that of male group.Fourth,alcohol drinking and abusing rates of all the education groups were increased(P<0.01),and this trend was significant among people with educational background of junior high school.However,people having received less than 6 years of education were still heavy consumers.Fifth,both of the rates were increased among various marital status groups,and people having separated,divorced or widows still had a relatively high alcohol drinking rate.Sixth,the age of starting drinking in 2001 was obviously younger.Last,cross-sectional analysis demonstrated that gender,age,educational background,occupation,marital status,smoking and financial conditions were all important contributing factors to drinking behavior. Conclusion Alcohol using rate is not high among rural dwellers but the increasing trend is significant which deserves attention.Improvement of rural dwellers' educational background and their awareness of this issue as well as strengthening of heath education to primary and junior school students are all effective ways for alcohol using control.