CD4+ T cells producing interleukin (IL)‐17, IL‐22 and interferon‐γ are major effector T cells in nickel allergy |
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Authors: | Beatrice Dyring‐Andersen Lone Skov Marianne B Løvendorf Michael Bzorek Knud Søndergaard Jens‐Peter H Lauritsen Sally Dabelsteen Carsten Geisler Charlotte Menné Bonefeld |
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Institution: | 1. Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, DK‐2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;2. Department of Dermato‐Allergology, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, DK‐2820 Gentofte, Denmark;3. Department of Clinical Pathology, Naestved Hospital, DK‐4700 Naestved, Denmark;4. Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, DK‐2200 Copenhagen, Denmark |
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Abstract: | Background It has been suggested that interleukin (IL)‐17 and IL‐22 play important roles in the elicitation of human allergic contact dermatitis; however, the frequencies of T cell subtypes producing IL‐17 and IL‐22 in human allergic contact dermatitis are unknown. Objectives To determine the frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ and γδ T cells producing IL‐17, IL‐22 and interferon (IFN)‐γ in the blood and skin from nickel‐allergic patients. Patients/materials/methods Blood samples were collected from 14 patients and 17 controls, and analysed by flow cytometry. Biopsies were taken from 5 patients and 6 controls, and analysed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry of skin lymphocytes. Results We found an increased frequency of γδ T cells in the blood, but no differences in the distribution of cytokine‐producing CLA+ T cell subtypes in nickel‐allergic patients as compared with controls. In nickel‐allergic patients, there was massive cellular infiltration dominated by CD4+ T cells producing IL‐17, IL‐22 and IFN‐γ in nickel‐challenged skin but not in vehicle‐challenged skin. Conclusion CD4+ T cells producing IL‐17, IL‐22 and IFN‐γ are important effector cells in the eczematous reactions of nickel‐induced allergic contact dermatitis in humans. |
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Keywords: | allergic contact dermatitis CD4+ T cells CD8+ T cells IFN‐γ IL‐17 IL‐22 nickel allergy γ δ T cells |
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