抗击超级细菌:耐药酶的起源研究和变异预测

随着抗菌药物在临床和农、林、牧、副、鱼业上广泛应用,细菌的耐药性现象越来越严重,新出现的携带新德里金属β-内酰胺酶-1(new delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1,NDM-1)基因的超级细菌,几乎对临床上所有抗菌药物均具有耐药性,而且这一耐药基因位于质粒上,会在细菌中水平转移,对人类健康具有潜在的极大威胁。更严重的是,目前尚无法预知今后将出现何种新的耐药基因,但抗菌药物选择性压力的结果必然导致新的更为棘手的耐药性出现。国内外已有一些探索性工作试图揭示耐药基因的起源,并着力于预测这些基因今后可能的演变方向,以期在新的耐药性出现前作出应对。该文将以β-内酰胺耐药酶为主,概述国内外在耐药酶起源、自然进化、模拟进化等领域的研究进展,希望能为抗击超级细菌提供新的实验思路。

Fighting Against Superbug:Probe on Origin and Foretell Evolution of Antibiotic Resistant Enzyme

With the wide use of antibiotics in clinic,agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry,fish industry and so on,the phenomena of bacterial resistance become more and more serious.Newly emerging of NDM-1 super bacteria possesse resistance to almost all kinds of antibiotics.The resistance gene locates in plasmid and can transfer into bacteria easily,making it a huge threatening to human health.More serious is that it is still impossible to predict the future mutation of the resistance gene,although the antibiotic se...