广州市居民饮水健康知识知信行调查

目的调查广州市居民对饮用水健康知识的认知、态度、行为与信念现状,为预防因健康饮用水知识缺乏而导致的疾病及不良健康状况提供一定的理论依据。方法针对调查目的与要求设计调查问卷,问卷内容包括个人一般情况、与健康有关的各饮用水知识及其知晓情况等。随机抽取广州市十区的966位居民进行问卷调查,并对调查数据采用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。结果有效调查问卷877份,应答率为90.79%。调查发现广州市居民对关于饮水常见知识的知晓率较高如对重金属对人体危害知识等回答正确率最高为98.52%,对饮水正确提法知晓率次之为78.34%,自来水发黄有味道原因知晓率为76.74%,利于饮水健康习惯知晓率为61.57%,而饮用水时最看重身体有益者占45.38%。然而居民对专业性较强的饮水知识,如饮水净化过程、喝水时间、活化水及矿融生态水知识知晓率普遍较低,分别为2.96%、7.18%、11.29%、10.83%。在调查的居民中,对饮水知识掌握情况比较好者占27.36%,认为掌握一般者则占55.53%,而掌握较差者占17.10%,对目前提供的饮水满意者为216人,满意度仅为24.63%,表明居民对饮水知识掌握情况一般及对提供的饮水满意度偏低。经调查和指导后,广州市居民对饮用水种类选取的意愿有所变化。选择矿泉水的意愿明显增加,增至首位;而选择纯净水及自来水的意愿则有所下降。结论广州市居民饮用水健康知识的知晓率普遍偏低,居民对饮水知识掌握情况一般及对提供的饮水满意度也偏低,加强饮水相关宣传教育有利于居民的健康饮水。

Survey on Knowledge,Attitude and Practice About Drinking Water Health Among the Residents in Guangzhou

Objective To investigate the current situation of drinking water health-related knowledge,attitude,behaviors and beliefs among the residents in Guangzhou,and to provide a theoretical basis for preventing the diseases and adverse health effects caused by lack of drinking water health-related knowledge.Methods The questionnaire was designed according to the aims and demand of the survey,which included individual information,drinking water health-related knowledge,the awareness,etc.The survey was conducted among 966 residents who were randomly selected from ten districts of Guangzhou,and then the data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS13.0 software.Results Totally 877 valid questionnaires were retrieved,with the response rate of 90.79%.We found that the awareness rates of the common knowledge about drinking water were relatively higher,such as the correct answer rate of knowledge about heavy metals in water which harmed to the human body was up to 98.52%,followed by the awareness rate of correct formulation of drinking water(78.34%),the awareness rate of the reason why water was yellow and smelly(76.74%),and the awareness rate of drinking water habits contributed to health(61.57%).The residents with the awareness of drinking water contributed to health accounted for 45.38%.But the awareness rates of the professional knowledge,including drinking water purification process,the time of drinking water,activated water and mineral melting ecological water were generally lower,which were 2.96%,7.18%,11.29%,and 10.83%,respectively.Among this survey,27.36% of the residents had better knowledge of drinking water,55.53% of the residents had general knowledge of drinking water,and 17.10% had poor knowledge of drinking water.There were 216 residents satisfied with drinking water provided presently,with the satisfaction rate of 24.63%.After the survey and guidance,the residents’ willing to selecting the types of drinking water had changed.The number of the residents who were willing to selecting mineral water increased significantly,which was up to the first place;but the number of residents who were willing to selecting purified water and tap water dropped a little.Conclusions The awareness rates of drinking water health-related knowledge among the residents in Guangzhou are generally lower.There is general comprehension about drinking water knowledge among the residents and lower satisfaction to present situation of drinking water provided.Strengthening the propaganda and health education about drinking water knowledge is conducive to the residents’ healthy drinking water.