应激对海员心理及血清甲状腺素、睾酮和皮质醇含量的影响

目的　研究海员应激对心理、神经、内分泌免疫的影响。方法　海员 85人为海员组 ,同地区码头作业人员 75人为对照组 ,采用症状自评量表 (SCL- 90 )、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表 (PSQI)进行测评。同时测定海员组、对照组的血清总甲状腺素 (TT4 )、总三碘甲状腺原酸 (TT3)、睾酮 (Testo)及皮质醇(Cortisol)水平。结果　海员组较明显的心理不良反应为人际敏感、抑郁、躯体化、敌对、偏执等。海员组除抑郁因子分、恐怖因子分与军人常模无明显差异外 ,其余各项因子分、阳性项目数均明显高于军人常模 (分别 P<0 .0 5～ <0 .0 0 1) ;海员组与对照组比较 ,除恐怖因子分外 ,其余各项因子分、阳性项目数均明显高于对照组 (均 P<0 .0 0 1) ;海员组 4 2 .4 %存在睡眠质量问题。与对照组比较 ,海员组 TT3、Testo、Cortisol的水平显著增高 (均 P<0 .0 0 1)。TT4 两组差异不显著 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论　海员面临多种应激源 ,有不同程度的心理不良反应 ,心理应激反应影响神经、内分泌及免疫系统的变化。

Effects of stress on psychology and serum concentrations of thyroxin,testosterone and cortisol in seamen

Objective To investigate the effect of stress on seaman psychology,nerve and incretion immunity.Methods 85 seamen were taken as seamen group and 75 ground-crew members in the same department were taken as comparison group.All of them were determined by symptom checklist 90(SCL-90) and pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI).And the level of TT 4,TT 3,Testo and Cortisol were also measured in them.Results The obvious negative mental responses of the seamen group include interpersonal sensitivity,depression,somatization,hostility,paranoid ideation and so on. Except the factor scores of depression and photic anxiety having no obvious difference from the nomal army,the other factor scores and the positive items of the seamen group were obviously higher than those of the nomal army (each P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001). The factor scores and the positive items in the seamen group were remarkablely higher than those of the comparison group except the factor score of photic anxiety(P< 0.001). 42.4 percent of the seamen had sleep quality problem.Compared with the comparison group,the seamen TT 3,Testo and Cortisol were remarkablely higher (all P<0.001). The TT 4 of both groups had no marked difference(P>0.05).Conclusions Since the seamen are facing many stress resources,they have more negative mental responses,which influence nerve,incretion and immunity systems.