脉搏波速度与动脉粥样硬化相关性的实验研究

目的：探讨动脉脉搏波速度(pulse wave velocity，PWV)与动脉粥样硬化（atherosclerosis,AS）程度的相关性。方法：随机将雄性新西兰兔24 只分为3组，每组8只:对照组：饲喂标准颗粒饲料；模型组：饲喂含3%胆固醇的颗粒饲料;他汀组：饲喂3%胆固醇的颗粒饲料4周后再加喂阿托伐他汀2.5mg/(kg·d)。12周末分别统计各组冠状动脉及主动脉病变程度并测定兔PWV，采用SABC免疫组织化学法测定主动脉壁中环氧化酶2（cyclooxygenase-2，COX-2）和核因子-κappaB (NF-κB)的表达，Masson染色测定动脉斑块胶原含量。结果：模型组与对照组比较,冠状动脉及主动脉AS梗塞程度加重，血管壁COX-2及NF-κB表达明显增强（P均＜0.05）、胶原含量增多，PWV明显增高。阿托伐他汀组较模型组血管壁COX-2及NF-κB表达明显减弱，AS程度明显减轻，胶原含量减少，PWV降低，且PWV与动脉病变及动脉斑块COX-2与NF-κB的表达均明显相关（r分别为0.79和0.81,P均＜0.05）。结论：PWV与AS呈正相关。PWV在AS形成早期可反映冠状动脉病变程度。

Relativity between pulse wave velocity and coronary atherosclerosis

Objective: To explore the correlation between pulse wave velocity(PWV) and atherosclerosis. Methods: Twenty-four male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups with 8 in each: the control group, the model group and the atorvastatin group. They were respectively fed with standard diet, standard diet containing 3% cholesterol and standard diet containing 2.5mg/(kg·d) atorvastatin plus 3% cholesterol diet. After 12 weeks, aortas were removed under deep anesthetization. The degree of the atherosclerosis stenosis of coronary artery branches in the heart walls and the PWV were determined. Masson staining was performed to observe the collagen deposition in atherosclerostic plaques. Level of COX 2 protein and NF κB protein was determined by SABC immunohistochemistry. Results: Compared with the control group, degree of the atherosclerosis stenosis of coronary artery branches and the PWV were significantly increased in the model group (P＜0.05). COX-2 protein expression and collagen accumulation in plaques of atherosclerosis rabbits were significantly increased compared with the control group, and were significantly decreased by atorvastatin (both P＜0. 05). The degree of atherosclerosis stenosis was related to the PWV, and the level of COX-2 protein was related to NF-κB protein in atherosclerostic plaques(r=79 and 0.81, both P＜0.05). Conclusion: PWV is related to atherosclerosis stenosis and can reflect the degree of atherosclerosis stenosis of coronary artery branches in the heart walls.