不同给药方式对长春新碱致化疗性静脉炎影响的实验研究

目的]通过采用不同药物输注速度和配制容量,探讨不同给药方式对长春新碱致化疗性静脉炎的影响。方法]采取多组完全随机分配方式,将实验兔分为快速低容量组、快速高容量组、慢速低容量组、慢速高容量组,48 h后观察兔耳静脉局部肉眼改变及光学显微镜下病理改变情况。结果]肉眼观察显示,Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级静脉炎发生率快速低容量组为16.67%,快速高容量组为50.00%,慢速低容量组为66.67%,慢速高容量组为58.33%。4组病理改变在血管周围水肿、炎细胞浸润、管腔充血、血管周围出血、血栓形成方面比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。慢速低容量组致静脉损伤程度最重,快速低容量组致静脉损伤程度最轻。结论]静脉损伤的程度与药物输注速度和配制容量均有密切关系,在临床实践中应将两者结合起来,寻找最佳静脉给药方式,才能更有效地降低静脉炎的发生率和静脉损伤程度。

Experimental study on influence of different drug administration modes on vincristine induced phlebitis

Objective：By adopting different drug infusion speeds and different diluent volumes,to probe into the influence of drug administration modes on vincristine induced phlebitis.Methods：Experimental rabbits were randomly divided into four groups that were rapid and low-volume group,rapid and high-volume group,slow and low-volume group,and slow and high-volume group respectively.Then macroscopical changes and pathological features of ear veins of all rabbits were observed under microscope on the 48th hour after infusion.Results：Visual observation showed that incidence of moderate and sereve chemotherapy induced phlebitis was 16.67% in rapid and low-volume group,and was 50.00% in rapid and high-volume group,66.67% in slow and low-volume group,and was 58.33% in slow and high-volume group.In terms of pathological changes mainly including perivascular edema,inflammatory cell infiltration,vascular lumina congestion,perivascular hemorrhage and thrombosis,there were statistical significant differences among the four groups rabbits（P 0.05）.The most serious vascular injury of rabbits was caused by the slow and low-volume infusion.The slightest vascular injury was caused by rapid and low-volume infusion.Conclusion：The extent of vascular injury of rabbits were closely related to both the infusion speed and diluent volumes of therapeutic drugs.In clinical practice,one should combine the infusion speed and diluent volumes of drugs and search the best intravenous drugs administration mode so as to reduce the incidence of phlebitis and vascular injury effectively.