人唾液对创面愈合影响的实验研究

目的通过与云南白药比较,观察人唾液对创面愈合的作用,以期初步阐明作用机制。方法 3月龄雄性日本大耳白兔6只,体重2.0～2.5 kg;于每只兔脊柱两侧制备深至皮下、大小为2.5 cm×2.5 cm的创面6个。根据处理方法不同,将36个创面随机分为3组(n=12):空白对照组每天涂抹0.4 mL生理盐水;云南白药组每天涂抹0.5 g云南白药粉,唾液组每天涂抹0.4 mL人唾液,连续15 d。观察创面愈合情况,伤后3、5、8、11、15 d测量创面面积,计算创面愈合率;伤后15 d处死动物取创面组织行组织学观察,计数炎性细胞及微血管密度。结果唾液组和云南白药组创面愈合速度明显快于空白对照组,渗液量少,结痂快。伤后5、8、11 d,唾液组创面愈合率均显著高于空白对照组及云南白药组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组织学观察显示术后15 d,唾液组创面未见明显出血、坏死,创面基本由表皮覆盖,再生表皮向创面中心覆盖生长,唾液组炎性细胞计数及微血管密度均显著低于云南白药组及空白对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论唾液可明显促进创面愈合,作用机制可能与其减少炎性细胞浸润、防止伤口感染、加速胶原纤维增生及促进创面血管重建有关。

Effect of human saliva on wound healing

Objective To observe the effects of saliva on impaired raw surface so as to elucidate the possible mechanism in wound healing by comparing with Yunnan baiyao. Methods Six wounds(2.5 cm × 2.5 cm in size) were established at both sides on the back of 6 3-month-old adult Japanese rabbits(weighing 2.0-2.5 kg).According to treatment,36 wounds were randomly divided into 3 groups: wounds were treated with 0.4 mL normal saline(blank control group,n=12),0.5 g Yunnan baiyao powder(Yunnan baiyao group,n=12),and 0.4 mL saliva of health adult(saliva group,n=12) for 15 days,respectively.And the general observation of raw surface,the scar formation time,wound healing rate,and histopathology were used to evaluate the effectiveness of saliva on wound healing. Results The wound healing speeds of saliva group and Yunnan baiyao group were faster than that of blank control group.The wound healing rates of saliva group were significantly higher than those of blank control group and Yunnan baiyao group at 5,8,and 11 days after injury(P < 0.05).No obvious hemorrhage or necrosis of raw surfaces was observed in saliva group,and the raw surfaces generally were covered with epidermis at 15 days after injury.The inflammatory cells and microvessel density in saliva group were significantly less than those of Yunnan baiyao group and control group(P < 0.05).Conclusion Saliva could obviously improve wound healing,which is related to its effects on reducing inflammatory cell infiltration,preventing wound infection,accelerating collagen fibers proliferation,and promoting vessel reconstruction in the process of wound healing.