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Highlighting the first 5 months of life: General movements in infants later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder or Rett syndrome
Institution:1. Research Unit iDN, Interdisciplinary Developmental Neuroscience, Institute of Physiology, Center for Physiological Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria;2. Department of Rehabilitation, Children''s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China;3. Department of Pediatrics, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, PR China;4. Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;5. Department of Developmental Neuroscience, University of Pisa, Italy;6. IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy;7. Dept. of Neonatology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy;8. Division of Neonatology, Beatrix Children''s Hospital, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, The Netherlands;1. Murdoch Children''s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;2. Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;3. Newborn Research, The Royal Women''s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;5. Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;6. iDN – Interdisciplinary Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Phoniatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Abstract:We review literature identifying an association between motor abnormality in the first 5 months of infancy and later diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or Rett syndrome (RTT). The assessment of the quality of early spontaneous movements (also known as the assessment of general movements; GMs) is a diagnostic tool that has repeatedly proven to be valuable in detecting early markers for neurodevelopmental disorders. Even though the rate of occurrence of abnormal GMs is exceedingly high in infants later diagnosed with ASD, we endorse further studies using this method either based on family videos or its prospective implementation in high-risk sibling studies to evaluate the power of GM assessment as one potential marker for early maldevelopment in this cohort.
Keywords:Autism spectrum disorder  Family videos  General movement assessment  Infant  Rett syndrome  Spontaneous movements
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