Pore size effect of collagen scaffolds on cartilage regeneration |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Tissue Regeneration Materials Unit, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan;2. Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan;1. Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland;2. Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Dublin, Ireland;3. Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland;4. SurgaColl Technologies Ltd, Rubicon Centre, Rossa Avenue, Cork, Ireland;1. Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, UK;2. Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK;3. Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK;4. Institute for Materials and Processes (IMP), School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK;5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;1. University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Technische Universitaät Dresden, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscher Str. 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany;2. Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute for Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany;3. Institute of Virology and Cell Biology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany;4. CRM Coastal Research & Management GmbH, Tiessenkai 12, 24159 Kiel, Germany;5. Institute of Anatomy, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany;1. Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;2. Virginia Tech, Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Virginia Tech Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, 445 Old Turner Street, 213 Holden Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;1. Tissue Regeneration Materials Unit, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan;2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Scaffold pore size is an important factor affecting tissue regeneration efficiency. The effect of pore size on cartilage tissue regeneration was compared by using four types of collagen porous scaffolds with different pore sizes. The collagen porous scaffolds were prepared by using pre-prepared ice particulates that had diameters of 150–250, 250–355, 355–425 and 425–500 μm. All the scaffolds had spherical large pores with good interconnectivity and high porosity that facilitated cell seeding and spatial cell distribution. Chondrocytes adhered to the walls of the spherical pores and showed a homogeneous distribution throughout the scaffolds. The in vivo implantation results indicated that the pore size did not exhibit any obvious effect on cell proliferation but exhibited different effects on cartilage regeneration. The collagen porous scaffolds prepared with ice particulates 150–250 μm in size best promoted the expression and production of type II collagen and aggrecan, increasing the formation and the mechanical properties of the cartilage. |
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| Keywords: | Collagen porous scaffold Pore size Porogen Ice particulate Cartilage regeneration |
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