纳米颗粒介导的传输系统用于结直肠癌光动力治疗的研究进展

结直肠癌主要是起源于结直肠表面黏膜上皮细胞的腺癌，已成为第四大最常见和第三大最致命的恶性肿瘤。手术切除是结直肠癌的主要治疗方法，放疗和化疗是晚期结直肠癌转移病人的治疗策略，此外，细胞治疗、基因治疗、免疫治疗和靶向治疗在结直肠癌治疗中也表现出了突出的潜力。然而，上述策略由于存在转移复发、系统毒性、多机制耐药、非特异性强和获益人群有限等问题，应用局限。因此有必要探索一种新的非侵入性、对肿瘤细胞具有高度选择性和对正常组织最小毒性的治疗策略来应对这些挑战。光动力疗法联合纳米材料作为一种治疗结直肠癌的新手段，有望克服这些挑战。该研究综述了光动力疗法的原理及纳米颗粒在结直肠癌光动力疗法中的应用，以期为科研与临床提供一种思路。

Research progress of nanoparticle mediated transport systems for photodynamic therapy of colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer is mainly an adenocarcinoma originated from the mucosal epithelial cells on the surface of colorectalcancer, which has become the fourth most common and third most lethal malignant tumor. Surgical resection is the main treatment forcolorectal cancer. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the treatment strategies for patients with advanced colorectal cancer metastasis.In addition, cell therapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy and targeted therapy also show outstanding potential in the treatment of colorectal cancer. However, the application of the above strategies is limited due to the problems of metastasis and recurrence, systemic toxicity, multi mechanism drug resistance, the strong nonspecificity and limited benefit population. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a newnon-invasive treatment strategy with high selectivity to tumor cells and minimal toxicity to normal tissues to meet these challenges. Photodynamic therapy combined with nanomaterials as a new method for the treatment of colorectal cancer is expected to overcome thesechallenges. This paper reviews the principle of photodynamic therapy and the application of nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy forcolorectal cancer, in order to provide an idea for scientific research and clinic.