犬鼻腔软组织内镜超声检查的实验研究

目的 探讨内镜导管超声检查及测量鼻腔软组织的精确性.方法 对30侧犬鼻行内镜导管超声检查,以直接或经水槽方式观察犬鼻腔软组织结构并分析其图像.结果 灰阶超声显示下鼻甲和鼻中隔黏膜层及黏膜下层均以低回声为主,鼻中隔软骨为无回声,鼻中隔软骨膜显示为连续的高回声线.彩色多普勒血流成像示鼻腔黏膜血流信号丰富,鼻中隔和下鼻甲的动脉峰值流速分别为10～54.8 cm/s和7.5～79.6 cm/s,阻力指数分别为0.31～0.57和0.25～0.62,静脉流速分别为3.1～13.8 cm/s和4.0～17.3 cm/s.犬鼻中隔总厚度和下鼻甲内侧面软组织厚度分别为(1.87±0.33)mm和(2.96±0.36)mm.结论 经校正后的内镜超声鼻腔软组织检查定位准确、图像清晰、分辨力高,为鼻腔软组织的检查提供了一种可靠的方法.

Endoscopic ultrasonography in canine nasal cavity

Objective To explore techniques of endoscopic ultrasonography for nasal cavity and its accuracy. Methods Under the guidance of nasal endoscope, ultrasonography of nasal cavity was performed by using a 10 MHz,3. 3 mm section probes. Thirty nasal cavities of 15 normal canine were scanned under general anesthesia. The sink experiment was used to decrease the influence of the ultraphonic artifact and to correct the data error. Results In gray scale ultrasound,most mucous and submucous tissue within nasal cavity were hypoechoic, the septal cartilage was echoless, and the cartilaginous membrane of the septal cartilage showed a consecutive hyperechogenicity line. The average thickness of the nasal septum and the average thickness of the inboard mucous and submuous of the inferior turbinate were (1. 87 0. 33)mm and (2.96 0.36) mm respectively. The rich blood flowing signals were observed by CDFI in soft tissues mentioned above. Pulsed Doppler of the nasal septum showed a venous waveform with the velocity ranging from 3. 1 to 13.8 cm/s and the arterial waveform with the peak systolic velocity of 10 to 54.8 cm/s, resistance index ranged from 0. 31 to 0. 57. Pulsed Doppler of the inferior turbinate showed a venous waveform with the velocity ranging from 4. 0 to 17. 3 cm/s and the arterial waveform with the peak systolic velocity of 7.5 to 79.6 cm/s, resistance index ranged from 0.25 to 0.62. Conclusions With correction factor,nasal endoscopic ultrasonography was accurate in localizing structures with clear images and high resolution. It could be a new imaging modality of diagnosing nasal mucosal and submucosal disorderes.