重复开展消除麻风运动地区的病例发现和患者临床情况分析

目的：观察湖南省西部2个麻风高流行县重复开展消除麻风运动对当地麻风患者发现及临床指标的影响。方法：收集自1997—2002年麻风新发病例，其中包括开展消除麻风运动年份的病例资料，对各年发现病人数，平均确诊年龄，畸残率，延迟期等进行比较分析。结果：从1997年至2002年共发现133例患者。平均每年发现22．2例，年发现率2．4/10万。1998年开展LEC时发现的新病人数是接近开展IEC前一年的2倍，以后新发现病人数减少到一个稳定的低水平，在2002年重复开展LEC时，发现数又是接近前一年的2倍。但与1998年首次开展LEC时发现数相比，减少了50％。新发病人的疾病延迟期平均为34．8月，疾病延迟期在开展LEC前后未显示有缩短或延长的趋势。133例患者中，35例有可见畸残(26．3％)。但新发现病人中2级畸残率从1998年的32．0％下降到2002年重复实施LEC时的12％。结论：作者认为重复实施消除麻风运动促进了当地某些流行病学指标的好转。

Analysis on case finding and some clinical features of leprosy patients in repeated Leprosy Elimination Campaigns area

Objective: To analyze the changes in case finding and some clinical features of leprosy patients in repeated Leprosy Elimination Campaigns (LEC) area. Methods: The data on newly detected leprosy cases from 1997 to 2002 in two counties in the western part of Hunan province, China were analyzed. Results: There were 133 leprosy cases registered from 1997 to 2002 with an average of case detection rate of 2.4/100 000 per year. The number of new cases detected during LEC in 1998 was as nearly two times as that detected in1997. And then, the number of newly detected cases decreased to a stable low level during the period 1999-2001. The number of newly detected cases during the repeated LEC in 2002 again was as nearly two times as that detected in the year 2001. However, the number of detected cases in 2002 was much less than that detected in 1998. The mean delay time of all cases from 1997 to 2002 was 34.8 months, which showed a fluctuated trend. Among the 133 new cases, 35 had disability (grade 2) accounting for 26.3%. The proportion of disability (grade 2) among the newly detected cases decreased from 32.0% in 1998 to 12% in 2002. Conclusion: The repeated LEC could improve some leprosy epidemiological indicators in high prevalent areas of leprosy.