小儿反复呼吸道感染临床特点与治疗分析

目的探讨小儿反复呼吸道感染的临床特点与治疗。方法对182例反复呼吸道感染患儿和167例急性呼吸道感染患儿的临床表现、诱发因素、下呼吸道感染情况、病程、抗生素使用情况、治疗转归及营养发育和精神状况进行比较分析。结果两组患儿的发热发生率和有可确定受凉史的比率间差异均无统计学意义(P>0·05);除发热外的其他临床表现、有可确定的接触史、下呼吸道感染情况、病程、抗生素使用情况、门诊治愈率、入院率、转科率及营养发育和精神状况间差异均有统计学意义(P<0·01)。结论反复呼吸道感染患儿的免疫功能低下、下呼吸道感染及重症感染率高、病程长、抗生素使用量大、门诊治愈率低、常规治疗存在问题多,对小儿的营养发育与身心健康影响很大,我们应加强对该病的系统认识,积极改进治疗方法与对策。

Clinical Features of Pediiatric Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infection and How to Treat

Objective This study was aimed to investigate the clinical features and treatment of pediatric recurrent respiratory tract infection(RRTI).Methods We compared and analyzed the clinical manifestations,the causative factors,the conditions of lower respiratory infection(LRI),the courses of disease,the application of antibiotics,the treatment turnover and the status of nourishment,growth and mind in 182 cases with RRTI and 167 cases with acute respiratory infection.Results No significant difference was noted in incidence rate of fever and the ratio of definite cold history between the two groups(P>0.05) ;there was significant difference between them in the definite contact history,the LRI conditions,the courses of disease,the application of antibiotics,the cure rate of out-patient clinic,the rate of hospital admission and department transference and the status of nourishment,growth and mind (P<0.01).Conclusion Lower immune function,higher infection rates of lower respiratory and severe case,longer course,bigger dosages of antibiotics,lower cure rate of out-patient clinic and more conventional therapy problems are characteristics of children with RRTI,which exerts great influence not only on children's nourishment and growth but also on their physical and mental health.We should obtain more systemic knowledge of it to improve actively the treatment and countermeasures.