高度近视眼屈光度与眼轴在不同年龄段的进展及其相关性研究

目的研究高度近视在不同年龄段的具体进展规律及各阶段屈光度和眼轴相关性的发展轨迹。方法按年龄将高度近视患者176例（352眼）分为四组：1组≤14岁32眼（9．1％）；2组15～30岁（包括30岁）96眼（27．3％）；3组31～50岁（包括50岁）164眼（46．6％）；4组〉50岁60眼（17．0％），分别测量四组患者屈光度、眼轴及其各屈光间质成分长度。结果2组比1组近视屈光度加深（-5．94±1．63）D（t=-3．651，P=0．001），眼轴延长（3．25±0．70）mm（t=4．662，P〈0．001），而2组与3组、3组与4组的屈光度、眼轴都没有明显差异。各年龄阶段高度近视眼屈光度都主要与眼轴相关（r=0．649）且两者比例较稳定，总体来说眼轴每延长1mm，近视度约增加1．73D。结论高度近视眼在30岁前都处在迅速进展期，30岁以后发展趋于稳定，且高度近视屈光度始终主要与眼轴相关。

The Progression of High Myopia and the Correlation between Refraction and Axial Length

Objective To study the progression of high myopia at different ages,and the correlation between refraction error and axial length.Methods According to the age,176 cases(352 eyes)of high myopia were assigned to four groups:Group 1(below 14-year-old,32 eyes),Group 2(15 to 30-year-old,96 eyes),Group 3(31 to 50-year-old,164 eyes),Group 4(above 50-year-old,60 eyes).The refractive error,axial length including anterior chamber depth,lens thickness and vitreaous chamber depth in each groups were measured.Results Th...