腹泻患者细菌分离及药敏480例分析

目的了解本地区腹泻患者的菌群分布及其药敏特征,指导临床治疗腹泻,合理使用抗菌素。方法采用常规粪便培养方法,对分离菌做生物化学鉴定、血清学分型和药物敏感试验。结果480例腹泻患者粪便培养,检出的细菌中,致病菌占69%,其中肠致病性大肠埃希菌（EPEC）、肠侵袭性大肠埃希菌（EIEC）占检出菌19.6%（包括O126：K71、O164：K？、O152：K？、O28ac：K73）,伤寒沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌分别为9株和4株,志贺氏菌占29%,条件致病菌占31%,真菌为10株。同时对检出菌做药敏试验：头孢唑啉、头孢哌酮、阿米卡星、诺氟沙星、环丙沙星的敏感率均在75%以上。结论感染性腹泻的病原体以致病菌为主,条件致病菌有上升趋势,治疗腹泻抗生素应以药敏结果为指导。

Bacteria Isolation and Drug Susceptibility Test in 480 Cases with Diarrhea

Objective To investigate flora distribution and drug susceptibility of bacteria in patients with diarrhea in local area in hope for guiding the use of antibiotics and clinical treatment of diarrhea.Methods The strains were isolated by routine stool culture.The biochemical identification,serological typing and drug susceptibility were carried out.Results The detected bacteria from the stool culture of 480 cases with diarrhea were mainly the pathogenic bacteria（69%）,in which EPEC and EIEC（O126：K71,O164：K？,O152：K？,O28ac：K73） accounted for 19.6%,9 strains of Salmonella typhi and 4 strains Salmonella typhimurium,shigella accounted for 29%,opportunistic bacteria accounted for 31%,and 10 strains of fungus.drug susceptibility were tested：saitivity rate of cephazoline,cepoperazon,amikacin,norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin were all higher than 75%.Conclusion The pathogens of infectious diarrhea are mainly pathogenic bacteria,the rate of opportunistic bacteria has a tendency to rise.The drug susceptibility test were the instruction to the clinical treatment of diarrhea by antibiotics.