玻璃体的新功能：氧调节代谢及其在眼病中的作用

本文综述了近年来国内外有关眼内玻璃体氧分压分布及变化机制的研究进展,明确玻璃体氧分压的维持主要是与眼内抗坏血酸盐耗氧有关,探讨了玻璃体切除术后提高的玻璃体氧分压有助于改善糖尿病视网膜病变的缺血、缺氧状态,并能够减轻糖尿病患者视网膜黄斑水肿。维持玻璃体内氧分压梯度有助于保护晶状体及小梁网免受氧化应激的损伤,玻璃体切除术后晶状体、小梁网周围的氧分压升高可能导致术后核性白内障、开角型青光眼的发病率升高。此外,还介绍了玻璃体氧分压及视网膜氧分压的检测方法,玻璃体维持氧分压梯度对药物性玻璃体切除临床应用的意义。（国际眼科纵览,2012,36：352-357）

The new functions of vitreous:to maintain vitreous oxygen tension,and its association with ocular diseases

This article reviewed the recent research progress related to distribution and changing mechanisms of vitreous oxygen tension. It not only clarified that the ascorbate plays an important role in maintaining the vitreous oxygen tension, but also discussed the increasing vitreous oxygen tension after vit- rectomy helps to improve diabetic retinopathy from ischemia, hypoxia and to alleviate diabetic macular ede- ma. Maintaining vitreous oxygen tension gradient helps to protect the lens and trabecular meshwork from oxi- dative stress damage. The elevated oxygen tension around the trabecular meshwork after vitrectomy may lead to postoperative nuclear cataract and high incidence of open-angle glaucoma. In addition, this article also re- viewed the detection methods of oxygen tension in vivo, and showed clinical applications of keeping the oxy- gen tension gradient on the significance of drug-induced vitrectomy. （Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2012, 36 ： 352- 357）