玉米芯多糖及其硫酸酯抗凝血活性及其机制

目的：研究玉米芯多糖及其硫酸酯抗凝血活性的作用，探讨玉米芯多糖及其硫酸酯抗凝血机制，为玉米芯抗凝的临床应用奠定基础。方法：采用酸提法提取玉米芯粗多糖(ACC)，并对其分级、纯化及硫酸酯化；以生理盐水为对照组，将ACC、玉米芯纯化多糖(ACP)及其玉米芯硫酸酯化多糖(ACS)分别按低、中、高浓度分为3组，分别检测小鼠全凝血时间（CT）、出血时间（BT）及对人混合血浆的活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、凝血酶时间（TT）和凝血酶原时间（PT）。结果：每1000 g玉米芯中可提取ACC 12.5 g，提取率为1.25%，总糖含量为59%，气相色谱法分析其单糖组成为葡萄糖(Glc)、木糖(Xyl)和半乳糖(Gal)，其摩尔比为15.36∶2.67∶1.00；纯化后多糖的总糖含量为90.2%，气相色谱法分析其单糖组成为Glc、Xyl和Gal，摩尔比为3.90∶2.12∶1.00；离子色谱法分析ACS的硫酸根含量9.86%；与对照组比较，除ACC低、中浓度组外，其余各组小鼠的CT和BT均明显延长（P<0.05或P<0.01），人混合血浆的APTT和TT明显延长（P<0.05　或P<0.01），呈现浓度依赖性， PT无变化。结论：ACC具有抗凝血活性,并通过内源性凝血途径和共同凝血途径来实现抗凝血作用。

Anticoagulant activities of polysaccharide and its sulfated polysaccharide from corn-cob and mechanism

Objective To study the anticoagulant activities of polysaccharide and its sulfated polysaccharide from corn-cob and mechanism,and lay foundation for their clinical applications.Methods The water-soluble crude polysaccharide(ACC) was extracted by acid from corn-cod and classification,purification and sulfation were performed,physiological saline was used as control group,the ACC,purifid polysaccharide(ACP) and sulfated polysaccharide(ACS) were divided into three groups according to low,medium and high concentrations.The bleeding time(BT) and clotting time(CT) of small white mice and the activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),thrombin time(TT) and proth rombin time(TT) of mix-plasma from the human were detected.Results The ACC extracted from 1 kg corn-cod was 12.5 g;the total sugar content was 59%,G.C.analysis indicated that it contained glucose(Glc),xylose(Xyl) and galactose(Gal),and its molar ratio was 15.36∶2.67∶1.00,The total purifid sugar of the ACP was 90.2%,G.C.analysis indicated that it contained glucose(Glc),xylose(Xyl) and galactose(Gal),and its molar ratio was 3.90∶2.12∶1.00;Ion chromatographic analysis showed that the sulfate content of ACS was 9.86%.Compared with control group,except low and medium concentrations groups,the CT and BT in the other groups were prolonged(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the APTT and TT in human mixed plasma were significantly prolonged(P<0.05 or P<0.01) in concentration-dependent manner,PT had no change.Conclusion ACC has anticoagulant activity and perfrom its anticoagulant activity by endogenous pathway of blood coagulation and anticoagulant effect of common pathway of blood coagulation.