Primary culture of venom glands from the Brazilian armed spider, Phoneutria nigriventer (Araneae, Ctenidae). |
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Authors: | Luciana Maria Silva Carolina Pereira Lages Thiago Venuto Rebeca Mascarenhas Lima Marcelo Vasconcellos Diniz Cláudia L Lage Valentim Elio Hideo Baba Paulo Filemon P Pimenta Consuelo L Fortes-Dias |
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Affiliation: | a Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Fundação Ezequiel Dias/DPD, Rua Conde Pereira Carneiro 80, CEP 30510-010, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil b Laboratory of Medical Entomology, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou-Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil c Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil d Department of Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil |
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Abstract: | Phoneutria spider venoms are a rich source of bioactive components. The limited amounts of crude material available, however, can be considered as a major hindrance for a faster development in the field. In the present study, we attempted to establish primary cultures of venom glands of Phoneutria nigriventer as an alternative, in vitro source of venom. Three different developmental stages were tried as starting materials: whole embryo (inside the cocoon), nymph (early after cocoon hatching) and young adult (1 year after cocoon hatching). The embryonic cells remained in suspension in the primary cultures, with no signs of adhesion or differentiation, for about 6 months. Nevertheless, this culture was useful for the first chromosome C-banding of Phoneutria. An average of 29+/-1 acrocentric chromosomes were found. Striated muscle cells were the only kind of cells in the culture of venom glands from Phoneutria nymphs. The most promising results were achieved with 1-year-old specimens. Besides muscle, adherent epithelial cells were also obtained in culture. Although these cells remained in culture for a short time (up to 48 h) immunochemical analysis of the culture supernatant evidenced the presence of Phoneutria venom components. This can be considered as a first step toward the functional cultures of venom glands of Phoneutria spiders. |
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Keywords: | Phoneutria Phoneutria nigriventer Armed spider Banana spider Tissue culture Venom gland |
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