论中医诊治传染病

中医对传染病早有认识,东汉张仲景《伤寒论》强调寒邪,明代吴又可《瘟疫论》对急性传染病又提出了“戾气”、“厉气”和“杂气”说。中医认为传染病的发生是由气候环境因素、人体内在因素和戾气、时行之气共同作用的结果,其诊断模式应以六经辨证、卫气营血辨证、三焦辨证相互补充。中医重视“邪气”对人体的危害,但更重视“正足以胜邪”,注意维护人身的“正气”。“祛邪”是治病常法,其宗旨不单在于杀灭病邪,而重在使“邪气”不得安生而被逐出体外,历代众多名方验方即是战胜传染病的重要“武器库”。今后,更应加强培养“铁杆中医”,发展中药针剂,加强运气学说研究,引进西医的分析科学方法进行辨证,进一步提高中医防治传染病的效果。

TCM Diagnosis and Treatment for Epidemic Diseases

Epidemic diseases have been recorded in TCM long ago.In the Eastern Han Dynasty,Zhang Zhongjing emphasized the influence of exopathogen cold.Wu Youke,in the Ming Daynasy,put forward the theory of epidemic pathogenic factor.TCM holds that the occurrence of epidemic diseases is the result of the combined effects of the seasonal and environmental factors,the internal factor of human body and the epidemic pathogenic factors,the diagnosis patterns of syndrome differentiation of six meridians,differentiation of Wei,Qi,Ying,and blood,and syndrome differentiation of Sanjiao,should be supplemented mutually.TCM emphasizes the harmful effects of pathogenic factors on human body,while it pays more attention to the sufficiency of vital Qi defeating the pathogenic factors and the maintenance of human body's vital Qi.Removing the pathogenic factors,a commonly used method,is aimed not only at killing the pathogenic factors,but at dominating and then expelling the pathogenic factors.The famous or proved recipes are the "ware house" to defeat the epidemic diseases.From now on,we should strengthen the training of the surefire TCM intellectuals,develop the Chinese drug injection,enhance the research of doctrine on five elements motion and six kinds of natural factors,introduce the analytical scientific method of Western medicine to differentiate syndromes,thus further improving the TCM effects in preventing and treating the epidemic diseases.