Chlorine dioxide inhibits the replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by blocking viral attachment |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Diagnostics and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China;2. Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke Merelbeke, Belgium;3. Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China;1. Dpto. Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28040, Madrid, Spain;2. Dpto. Sanidad Animal. Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040, Madrid, Spain;1. Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, PR China;2. The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, PR China;1. Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China;2. Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China;1. College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, People''s Republic of China;2. Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, People''s Republic of China;3. Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People''s Republic of China |
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| Abstract: | Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes a great economic loss to the swine industry globally. Current prevention and treatment measures are not effective to control the outbreak and spread of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS). In other words, new antiviral strategies are urgently needed. Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is regarded as a broad-spectrum disinfectant with strong inhibitory effects on microbes and parasites. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of ClO2 against PRRSV infection in vitro. Here, we identified ClO2 (the purity is 99%) could inhibit the infection and replication of PRRSV in both Marc-145 cells and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). ClO2 could block PRRSV binding to cells rather than internalization and release, suggesting that ClO2 blocks the first stage of the virus life cycle. We also demonstrated that the inhibition exerted by ClO2 was attributed to the degradation of PRRSV genome and proteins. Moreover, we confirmed that ClO2 could decrease the expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by PRRSV. In summary, ClO2 is an efficient agent and potently suppressed PRRSV infection in vitro. |
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