The roles of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Health Basic Science, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil;2. Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Turku, Finland;3. Laboratory of Molecular and Celular Biology, Graduate Programme of Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, 1105, Universitária Rd, 88806000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil;4. Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), PPGGTA (Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Applied Toxicology), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha 8001, Prédio 22, Sala 22 (4o andar), 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil;5. Immunogenetics Lab, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil |
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Abstract: | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by a progressive and irreversible airflow obstruction, with an abnormal lung function. The etiology of COPD correlates with complex interactions between environmental and genetic determinants. However, the exact pathogenesis of COPD is obscure although it involves multiple aspects including oxidative stress, imbalance between proteolytic and anti-proteolytic activity, immunity and inflammation, apoptosis, and repair and destruction in both airways and lungs. Many genes have been demonstrated to be involved in those pathogenic processes of this disease in patients exposed to harmful environmental factors. Previous reports have investigated promising microRNAs (miRNAs) to disclose the molecular mechanisms for COPD development induced by different environmental exposure and genetic predisposition encounter, and find some potential miRNA biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment targets of COPD. In this review, we summarized the expression profiles of the reported miRNAs from studies of COPD associated with environmental risk factors including cigarette smoking and air pollution exposures, and provided an overview of roles of those miRNAs in the pathogenesis of the disease. We also highlighted the potential utility and limitations of miRNAs serving as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for COPD. |
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