Molecular detection of a novel Babesia sp. and pathogenic spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks collected from hedgehogs in Turkey: Haemaphysalis erinacei,a novel candidate vector for the genus Babesia |
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| Institution: | 1. Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Strasse 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany;2. Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Westfalen, Standort Arnsberg, Zur Taubeneiche 10-12, 59821 Arnsberg, Germany;3. Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany;4. vivet, Kahrweg 33, 59590 Geseke, Germany;1. Medical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology, Emergency Response Department, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK;2. NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Change and Health, UK;3. Howard Davis Farm, la Route de la Trinité, Trinity, JE3 5JP, Jersey;4. Environment Guernsey Ltd, The Old Tobacco Factory, Route De La Ramee, St. Peter Port, GY1 2ET, Guernsey;5. Alderney Wildlife Trust, 51 Victoria Street, St Anne, Alderney, GY93TA, Guernsey;6. Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-Borne Research Group, Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK;7. Jersey General Hospital, The Parade, St Helier, JE1 3QS, Jersey;8. Charles University, Opletalova 38, 110 00, Staré Město, Czechia;9. Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada;10. NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, UK;1. Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece;2. Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece;1. Laboratori de Parasitologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;2. Laboratoire d’Écologie, Département des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences, Pôle Universitaire de M''sila, 28000, Algeria;3. Département de Zoologie Agricole et Forestière, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, El-Harrach, Algeria;4. Biodiversity Research Group, Faculty of Science, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani 41000 Thailand;5. Laboratoire MIVEGEC (UMR IRD 224-CNRS 5290-Université Montpellier 1), Montpellier, F-34394, France;1. Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zabol, Iran;2. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zabol, Iran;3. Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zabol, Iran;4. Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea M?n??tur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;5. Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, 6517658978, Hamedan, Iran;6. Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Str. prov. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy;7. Zoonotic Diseases Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, 8915173160 Yazd, Iran |
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| Abstract: | In this study, a total of 319 ticks were obtained from hedgehogs (Erinaceus concolor). All ticks were pooled into groups and screened by PCR for tick-borne pathogens (TBPs). PCR and sequence analyses identified the presence of a novel Babesia sp. in adult Haemaphysalis erinacei. In addition, the presence of natural transovarial transmission of this novel Babesia sp. was detected in Ha. erinacei. According to the 18S rRNA (nearly complete) and partial rRNA locus (ITS-1/5.8S/ITS-2) phylogeny, it was determined that this new species is located within the Babesia sensu stricto clade and is closely related to Babesia spp. found in carnivores. Furthermore, the presence of three pathogenic spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae was determined in 65.8% of the tick pools: Rickettsia sibirica subsp. mongolitimonae in Hyalomma aegyptium (adult), Hyalomma spp. (larvae), Rhipicephalus turanicus (adult), and Ha. erinacei (adult); Rickettsia aeschlimannii in H. aegyptium (adult); Rickettsia slovaca in Hyalomma spp. (larvae and nymphs) and H. aegyptium (adult). To our knowledge, this is the first report of R. sibirica mongolitimonae in H. aegyptium, Ha. erinacei, and Rh. turanicus, and the first report of R. slovaca in H. aegyptium. In addition, the presence of a single Hemolivia mauritanica haplotype was detected in H. aegyptium adults. Consequently, the presence of a novel Babesia sp. has been identified in a new candidate vector tick species in this study. Additionally, three SFG rickettsiae that cause infections in humans were identified in ticks collected from hedgehogs. Therefore, environmental wildlife monitoring for hedgehogs should be carried out for ticks and tick-borne pathogens in the region. Additionally, studies regarding the reservoir status of hedgehogs for the aforementioned pathogens must be carried out. |
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