小儿神经母细胞瘤的CT诊断与病理分析

目的:探讨小儿神经母细胞瘤的CT征象及病理、免疫组化特征。方法:回顾性分析经手术、病理证实的28例小儿神经母细胞瘤的CT表现,并与手术病理作对比分析。结果:28例神经母细胞瘤位于腹膜后23例,胸椎椎旁2例,颈部3例。肿瘤瘤体较大,其中22例为单发,6例多发,23例密度不均匀,23例肿瘤内可见钙化及囊变坏死区。22例增强扫描病例中14例呈轻-中度不均匀强化,17例侵犯邻近组织、器官或发生转移。28例神经母细胞瘤的共同组织病理特点为肿瘤由大小较一致的小圆形或卵圆形细胞组成,核大且染色深,多呈菊花瓣样排列。所有病例均可见阳性表达的神经内分泌细胞标记物。结论:小儿神经母细胞瘤的CT及病理学表现有一定的特征性,对本病的诊断有较大价值。

CT diagnosis and pathological analysis of neuroblastoma in children

Objective：To investigate the CT features and pathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of pediatric neuroblastoma.Methods：The CT finding of 28 surgically and pathologically proved cases of neuroblastoma in children were retrospectively reviewed and correlated with pathology.Results：23 tumors of all the cases were located in retroperitoneal space,two cases in thoracic paraspinal segion and three in the neck.The size of tumors was usually large,22 tumors were solitary,23 tumors appeared heterogeneous,and 23 tumors contained calcification and cystic necrosis.22 cases underwent enhanced CT scan,and mild or moderate heterogeneous enhancement were observed in14 cases.In 17 cases,the tumors invaded adjacent tissues or organs or metastasised.The common pathological features of 28 cases of neuroblastoma were as follows：the tumors were consisted of small round or oval cells with similar size,their nuclei were large and deeply stained,and mostly arranged like chrysanthemum petals.There was positive expression of neuroendocrine makers in all cases.Conclusion：The CT and pathologic manifestation have certain characteristic.These have great value for accurate diagnosis of this disease.