孕期焦虑与抑郁情绪调查及相关危险因素分析

目的了解孕期焦虑、抑郁情绪的发生情况及其相关危险因素。方法采用状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）、自评抑郁量表（SDS）以及自制的孕妇基本情况调查表,对269名孕32~34周孕妇进行测试,并与269名健康已婚未孕妇女比较。结果 269名孕妇状态焦虑情绪发生率为12.3%,特质焦虑情绪发生率为6.3%,抑郁情绪发生率为9.3%。孕期状态焦虑情绪评分和抑郁情绪评分均显著高于健康已婚未孕妇女（t=6.69、18.86,P〈0.01）。孕期与焦虑有关的主要危险因素有：户籍类型（OR=2.89,95%CI=1.95~3.86）、既往胎儿-婴儿死亡（OR=4.88,95%CI=3.15~5.03）、担忧产后经济问题（OR=3.27,95%CI=2.05~3.71）、夫妻关系（OR=43.36,95%CI=38.26~47.53）、婆媳关系（OR=39.22,95%CI=35.61~41.39）、担忧分娩安全（OR=1.58,95%CI=1.26~1.90）和担忧孩子患遗传性疾病（OR=6.31,95%CI=5.11~7.22）;孕期与抑郁情绪有关的主要危险因素有：户籍类型（OR=2.76,95%CI=1.83~3.68）、夫妻关系（OR=39.38,95%CI=37.23~44.53）、担忧产后婴儿健康（OR=7.12,95%CI=5.99~8.33）、是否参加孕妇学校（OR=3.76,95%CI=2.58~4.83）和担忧产后经济问题（OR=3.52,95%CI=2.28~4.36）。结论孕期焦虑、抑郁情绪是普遍存在的,在今后的孕期保健中,不仅要关注孕妇的生理状况,还应注意其心理状态,避免孕妇不良情绪的发生。

AN INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE RELATED RISK FACTORS OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN DURATION OF PREGNANCY

Objective To understand the prevalence and its related risk factors of anxiety and depression in women during their duration of pregnancy. Methods By using state-trait anxiety inventory（STAI）,self-rating depression scale（SDS） and a self-made questionnaire of basic condition for women,269 expectant mothers at their 32-34 weeks of pregnancy were surveyed,and the findings compared with the same number of healthy,married but nonfertile women. Results Of the 269 pregnant women,the prevalence of state anxiety,trait depression,and depression was 12.3%,6.3%,and 9.3%,respectively.These scores were significantly higher than those of the controls（t=6.69,18.86;P0.01）.The major related risk factors of anxiety in that duration were censue register（OR=2.89,95%CI=1.95-3.86）,a past history of foetus or infant death（OR=4.88,95%CI=3.15-5.03）,worry about economic problems after childbirth（OR=3.27,95%CI=2.05-3.71）,relation between wife and husband（OR=43.36,95%CI=38.26-47.53）,relationship between mother and daughter-in-law（OR=39.22,95%CI=35.61-41.39）,anxious on safety of delivery（OR=1.58,95%CI=1.26-1.90） and worry about genetic disease of the baby（OR=6.31,95%CI=5.11-7.22）.The major related risk factors of depression were censue register（OR=2.76,95%CI=1.83-3.68）,couple relationship（OR=39.38,95%CI=37.23-44.53）,worry about infant＇s health after childbirth（OR=7.12,95%CI=5.99-8.33）,whether or not attending pregnant women＇s school（OR=3.76,95%CI=2.58-4.83） and worry about after-childbirth economic problems（OR=3.52,95%CI=2.28-4.36）. Conclusion The anxiety and depression in duration of pregnancy is general.The antenatal care,from now on,should focus not only the physiological condition of pregnant women,but also pay close attention to their mental status to avoid the development of harmful emotion.