269例呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的了解呼吸道感染病原菌发布及其耐药性,给临床诊治提供参考. 方法严格按照《全国临床检验操作规程》进行菌株分离鉴定和药物敏感试验,采用全自动VITEK-32微生物分析仪对从病人的痰培养出的269株病原菌进行菌种鉴定和药敏检测分析. 结果鉴定为革兰氏阴性杆菌157株（58.36%）、革兰氏阳性球菌53株（19.7%）、假丝酵母菌59株（21.93%）,其中革兰阴性杆菌对氨苄西林、复方新诺明、头孢呋新、头孢吡肟的耐药率较高,头孢吡肟的耐药率达到33.3%;革兰阳性球菌对呋喃妥因、环丙沙星、红霉素、庆大霉素的耐药率较高,庆大霉素的耐药率最高,达到83.3%;铜绿假单胞菌对复方新诺明、氨苄西林、头孢呋新的耐药率较高,头孢呋新的耐药率达到58.3%. 结论呼吸道感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌占优势,各种菌对抗生素均呈不同程度耐药,临床用药应参考检验结果合理使用抗生素.

Distribution and drug resistance to drugs of pathogenic bacteria in 269 respiratory tract infections

Objective To analyse the resistance of pathogenic bacterium inducing respiratory infection. Methods According to the general clinical laboratory operation rules, 269 pathogenic bacteria in patients' sputum were strictly identified and analysed by automatic microorganism analyser VITEK-32. Results 157 Gram positive(G-) bacillus(58.36%), 53 Gram negative(G+) coccus(19.7%) and 59 Candida(21.93%) were identified. The resistance of G-bacillus to ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole, cefuroxime and cefepime(33.3%)was high;the resistance of G+ coccus to nitrofurantoin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and gentamicin was high,the resistance to gentamicin was highest(83.3%); the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to sulfamethoxazole, Ampicillin, Cefuroxime (58.3%). Conclusion The attention to the change of pathogenic bacterium in respiratory infection and the resistance to antibiotics, making good use of antibiotics could provide some evidence for clinic.