维甲酸治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病中的高白细胞血症及治疗对策

为了解用全反式维甲酸（ATRA）治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病（APL）过程中高白细胞血症发生情况并探讨白细胞数的高低对ATRA治疗效果的影响，本研究根据患者外周血白细胞数量的多少，将其分为白细胞数〈30×10^9／L单用ATRA诱导治疗组、白细胞〉30×10^9／L单用ATRA治疗组及白细胞〉30×10^9／L用ATRA和化疗相结合治疗组，以观察疗效。结果表明：39例APL病人在用ATRA治疗过程中23例出现高白细胞血症，高白细胞血症发生率为58．97％。单用ATRA及ATRA＋化疗的总缓解率为91.3％。其中外周血白细胞数〈30×10^9／L而单用ATRA治疗组缓解率为100％，血白细胞数〉30×10^9／L而单用ATRA治疗组缓解率为87．5％，血白细胞数〉30×10^9／L而用ATRA＋化疗组的组缓解率为90．9％。结论：ATRA与化疗相结合，可有效控制ATRA治疗期间出现的高白细胞血症，降低早期病死率。

Retinoic Acid in Treating Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with Hyperleukocytosis and Its Therapeutic Strategy

In order to investigate the occurrence of hyperleukocytosis in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients with all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and to explore the influence of the level of leucocyte on curative effect of ATRA, the APL patients were divided into three different groups according to the count of leucocyte in peripheral blood. Patients with WBC count less than 30x10(9)/L were administered with ATRA alone (the first group), patients with WBC count more than 30x10(9)/L were administered with ATRA alone (the second group) and patients with WBC count more than 30x10(9)/L were treated with ATRA+cytotoxic drugs (the third group). The results showed that hyperleukocytosis were found in 23 out of 39 patients (58.97%). Total remission rates in the second group and in the third group were 91.3%. The remission rates in the first, second and third groups were 100%, 87.5% and 90.9%, respectively. It is concluded that the ATRA in combination with cytotoxic drugs can efficiently control the occurrence of hyperleukocytosis during ATRA-treating APL and reduce the early mortality.