早产儿宫外生长发育迟缓状况调查研究

研究新生儿重症监护室（NICU）中早产儿宫外生长发育迟缓（EUGR）的发生情况，探讨与早产儿EUGR有关的因素，为早产儿制定更为合理的营养支持策略提供指导。方法　对2005年9月至2006年12月中南大学湘雅二医院NICU中住院的94例早产、低出生体重儿进行体重的监测，并将其与中国15城市不同胎龄新生儿体重百分位数标准进行比较；统计早产儿住院期间合并症的发生情况，应用多因素回归分析法，探讨与EUGR有关的高危因素。结果　94例早产儿中，出生时为宫内发育迟缓（IUGR）的占35.1％，出院时存在EUGR的占72.3％，EUGR的发生率明显高于IUGR。logistic回归分析表明，与EUGR有关的高危因素包括消化道出血、感染及是否应用肠外营养。结论　NICU中早产儿EUGR的发生率很高，应引起医务人员的重视。防治早产儿常见合并症并积极应用肠外营养，有助于减少EUGR的发生。

Study on extrauterine growth restriction of premature neonates in NICU.

Objective　To study the incidence of extrauterine growth restriction （EUGR）on premature neonates in NICU， to investigate the factors correlating with EUGR. Methods　Monitor the weights of 94 premature neonates in NICU，and compare it with the standard percentiles； the complications were statisticed， and logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate the high-risk factors. Results　The incidence of intrauterine growth restriction （IUGR）was 35.1％， and the incidence of EUGR among 94 premature neonates was 72.3％， the incidence of EUGR being higher than IUGR. The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that alimentary tract hemorrhage，infection and parenteral nutrition were the high-risk factors. Conclusion　The incidence of EUGR in preterm neonates is high. To prevent the common complications of preterm neonates parenteral nutrition should be applied to conduce the decrease of EUGR.