云南宁蒗地区摩梭人成人体成分分析*

目的：了解云南宁蒗地区摩梭人成人体成分现状，分析其特点及随年龄变化的规律。方法：随机抽取云南 宁蒗地区摩梭人健康成人262 例（ 男为112 例，女为150 例），采用生物电阻抗法对所有受试者进行体成分测量。 所得数据经SPSS20.0 统计软件包进行统计学处理。结果：云南宁蒗地区摩梭人成年女性体成分除脂肪量、体脂 率外，其他各项指标均低于男性，性别间差异具有统计学意义。男、女性的体质指数、体质量、脂肪量、肌肉 量、推定骨量随年龄均有升高趋势，都在40 ～岁组到达高峰，之后逐渐下降；其中女性肌肉量在绝经期下降幅 度大于男性；女性体脂肪率在40 ～岁组达高峰，之后出现一过性下降，60 ～岁组后又开始呈增加趋势，而男性 体脂肪率40 ～岁达高峰，之后随年龄增加而下降；云南宁蒗地区摩梭人成年男女性身高、蛋白质含量均逐渐降低， 去脂体质量保持相对稳定，身体水分变化幅度相对较小；云南宁蒗地区摩梭人与普米族成人男女性对比所测各项 体成分指标无明显差异；结论：云南宁蒗地区摩梭人成人体成分随年龄的增长发生变化，尤其在40 岁年龄组变 化明显；当地摩梭人与普米族体成分无差异的原因，可能与他们生活环境、经济文化水平相同有关。

Analysis of body composition of Mosuo adults in Ninglang area of Yunnan province*

Objective To understand the current status of the human body composition of the Mosuo people in Ninglang area of Yunnan province， and analyze its characteristics and the law that changes with age. Methods A total of 262 healthy adults （112 males and 150 females） were randomly selected from the Mosuo population in Ninglang area of Yunnan province， and their body compositions were measured using the bioelectrical impedance method. The data obtained were then processed using the SPSS20.0 statistical software package. Results Except for fat volume and body fat rate， all other indicators of adult female body composition of Mosuo people in the Ninglang area of Yunnan province were lower than those of males， and the differences between the genders were statistically significant. The body mass index， body mass， fat mass， muscle mass and presumed bone mass of males and females all tended to increase with age， reached a peak at the age of 40 and then gradually declined. Among them， the decrease of female muscle mass during menopause was greater than that of males. The body fat rate of females reached its peak at the age of 40， followed by a temporary decline， and then began to increase after the age of 60. In comparison， the body fat rate of males reached its peak at the age of 40， and then decreased with the increase of age. The height and protein content of adult males and females in the Mosuo people gradually decreased with age， while the free-fat body mass remained relatively stable and the variation range of body water was relatively small. There was no significant difference in body composition indicators measured between the male and female adults of Mosuo and Pumi people in Ninglang area of Yunnan province. Conclusions The body composition of Mosuo people in Ninglang area of Yunnan province changes with age， particularly in the age group of 40. The lack of difference in body composition between the local Mosuo and Pumi people may be related to their living environment， economic and cultural level.