新疆古代儿童颅骨正面观投影面积的年龄间比较*

目的：关于中国古代儿童颅骨年龄变化的研究较少，旨在探讨新疆古代儿童颅骨（2 ～ 15 岁）正面观投影面积的年龄变化特点。方法：以新疆且末扎滚鲁克墓地出土的41 例儿童颅骨（2~15 岁）为研究对象，采用方差分析、多重比较及年龄间变化率方法。结果：正面观投影面积的突增期为3 ～ 6 岁和12 ～ 15 岁，额骨投影面积的突增期为12 ～ 15 岁，上颌骨投影面积的突增期为3 ～ 6 岁、6 ～ 9 岁和12 ～ 15 岁。结论：洋海墓地与扎滚鲁克墓地儿童颅骨都体现出尺寸年龄变化的不均衡现象。由于儿童夭折的原因不明，故本文结论也可能受到古人群健康状况、古病理状况的影响。

Comparison of the projection area of skull anterior viewbetween different age groups in ancient children of Xinjiang*

Objective There are few studies on the age changes of children's skulls in ancient China. The purpose ofthis paper is to explore the age-related characteristics of the anterior projection area of skulls of the ancient children（2-15 years old） in Xinjiang. Methods 41 cases of children's skulls (2-15 years old) unearthed from Zaghunluqcemetery in Qiemo, Xinjiang were selected as the research objects. Analysis methods of variance， multiple comparisonand age-related change rate were used. Results The projection area of the anterior view of the skull in children hada spurt growth 3 and 6 years old and between 12 and 15 years old ； the projection area of the frontal bone had a spurtgrowth period of 12-15 years ； the projection area of the maxilla had a growth spurt between 3-6， 6-9 and 12-15years old. Conclusion Both Yanghai cemetery and Zaghunluq cemetery have unbalanced changes in size and age ofchildren's skulls. Since the cause of children's death is unknown， the conclusion of this paper may also be affected bythe health status and pathology of the ancient people.