急性后循环缺血机械取栓研究现状与进展

【摘要】　脑卒中已成为世界上第二大致死性疾病和最常见致残性疾病，其中约85%为缺血性脑卒中。开通闭塞血管是急性缺血性脑卒中关键治疗方法，主要包括静脉溶栓、动脉溶栓和机械取栓(MT)。随着溶取栓技术和器械不断发展，静脉溶栓联合血管内取栓桥接治疗逐渐成为急性颅内大血管闭塞首选治疗方法。MT治疗前循环缺血性脑卒中的安全性和有效性已有多项临床研究证实，MT也纳入相关指南。然而，目前尚缺乏后循环缺血性脑卒中血管内治疗的随机对照临床研究数据，以确定统一标准指导。该文就急性后循环缺血性脑卒中MT器械发展、影像学评估、预后、并发症及补救措施等研究现状与进展作一综述。

Mechanical thrombectomy for acute posterior circulation ischemia:research status and progress

Stroke has become the second deadliest disease and the most common disability disease in the world,of which about 85%is ischemic stroke.Recanalization of the occluded blood vessels is the key treatment for acute ischemic stroke,which mainly includes intravenous thrombolysis,arterial thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy(MT).With the development of thrombolysis technology,devices and equipment,the bridge treatment of intravenous thrombolysis combined with thrombectomy has gradually become the first choice for acute intracranial large vessel occlusion.The safety and efficacy of MT in the treatment of ischemic stroke of anterior circulation ischemic stroke have been confirmed by many clinical studies,and MT technique has also been incorporated into relevant clinical guidelines.However,there is still a lack of randomized controlled clinical study data concerning endovascular treatment of posterior circulation ischemic stroke which can be used to establish a unified guiding standard for endovascular treatment of acute posterior circulation strokes.This article aims to make a comprehensive review about the research status and progress in MT devices,imaging evaluation,prognosis,complications and remedial measures in treating acute posterior circulatory ischemic stroke.